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प्रश्न
Write a short note on vectors.
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उत्तर
- Vectors are DNA molecules that transport and reproduce foreign DNA segments within the host cell.
- Vectors include plasmids, bacteriophages (M13, lambda virus), cosmids, phagemids, BACs, YACs (yeast artificial chromosomes), transposons, baculoviruses, and mammalian artificial chromosomes (MACs).
- Plasmid vectors (pBR 322, pUC, Ti plasmid) and bacteriophages (lambda phage, M13 phage) are the most often utilised vectors.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write a short note on Electrophoresis.
What is Recognition sequence? Explain in brief.
From the following list of cloning vectors used in rDNA technology identify the vectors that are the most commonly used.
Plasmids, bacteriophages (Ml3, lambda virus), cosmid, phagemid, BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome), YAC (yeast artificial chromosome), transposons, baculoviruses, and mammalian artificial chromosomes (MACs)
Identify the characters that a cloning vector should possess.
i. Origin of replication (Ori)
ii. Ability to destroy the alien DNA
ii. Cloning site to link the alien DNA
iv. The tumour inducing plasmid Ti
v. Selectable marker
vi. Low molecular weight
Identify the properties that a cloning vector must possess to be efficiently used in rDNA technology.
- Control elements like promoter, operator, ribosomal binding sites
- Restriction sites
- Marker genes
- Ori of replication
- Ability to replicate independently
The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a viral vector is termed as ______.
Name the plant disease caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
The structure below shows pUC18, which is similar to pBR322 in its function. However, they differ in some of their restriction sites and the number of ori. The ori number for pBR322 is approximately 20.
- How are puc18 and pBR322 used in biotechnological studies?
OR
What will be the impact if the ori in the above structure gets damaged? - The lac z gene has many recognition sites. Study the segment of DNA given below and answer the questions.
5’... ATC GTA AAG CTT CAT…3’
3’... TAG CAT TTC GAA GTA…5’
i) Applying your knowledge of palindrome sequences identify and mark the possible region where the restriction enzyme X will act.
ii) Restriction enzyme Y was used to extract a gene of interest from a plant. This gene needs to be inserted in the given DNA segment which has been treated with restriction enzyme X. Will there be a successful recombination? Explain with a reason. - Which one of the two (pUC18 and pBR322) would you prefer for biotechnological studies? Justify.
How gene amplification is done?
Name the enzyme responsible for the transcription of genetic code to produce mRNA.
