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प्रश्न
Can you list 10 recombinant proteins which are used in medical practice? Find out where they are used as therapeutics (use the internet).
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उत्तर
| Recombinant protein | Therapeutic use |
| Insulin | Treatment for type I diabetes mellitus. |
| Interferon-α | Used for chronic hepatitis C. |
| Erythropoietin | Treatment of anemia. |
| Coagulation factor VIII | Treatment of haemophilia A. |
| Coagulation factor IX | Treatment of haemophilia B. |
| DNAase I | Treatment of cystic fibrosis. |
| Anti-thrombin III | Prevention of blood clots. |
| Interferon-β | For the treatment of multiple sclerosis. |
| Human recombinant growth hormone | For promoting growth in an individual. |
| Tissue plasminogen activator | Treatment of acute myocardial infarction. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Draw a labelled sketch of sparged-stirred-tank bioreactor. Write its application.
From what you have learnt, can you tell whether enzymes are bigger or DNA is bigger in molecular size? How did you know?
Can you recall meiosis and indicate at what stage recombinant DNA is made?
Describe briefly the following:
Bioreactors
Explain briefly:
PCR
Prepare a flow chart in formation of recombinant DNA by the action of restriction endonuclease enzyme EcoRI.
Answer the following question:
Describe the formation of recombinant DNA by the action of EcoRI.
______ plays an important role in blood clotting.
DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonuclease in a chemical reaction can be separated by ______.
PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism are the methods for ______.
Gene Amplification using primers can be done by ______.
Blood stains are found at the site of a murder. It DNA profiling technique is to be used for identifying the criminals, which of the following is ideal for use?
An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of ______.
Which of the following should be chosen for best yield if one were to produce a recombinant protein in large amounts?
Read the paragraph given below and answer and questions that follow:
| Enzyme Taq polymerase, is extracted from a eubacterial microorganism Thermus aquaticus from Yellowstone National Park in Montana, USA and isolated by Chien et al. (1976). Taq polymerase successfully replaced the DNA polymerase from E.coli that was being used in PCR earlier and this shift revolutionised the PCR technique. |
- Taq polymerase after its discovery replaced E.coli DNA polymerase in PCR technique. Explain giving reasons why was the need felt for the change?
- What is a primer and its importance in PCR?
- Write the importance of PCR as a diagnostic tool.
Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
| Biotechnology revolves around the "gene of interest", with an objective to open various avenues for human welfare in health, medicine, pharma, agriculture etc. using different techniques, tools and processes. One of the breakthroughs of biotechnology in medicine is the gene therapy. |
- Name the human disease for which the gene therapy was used for the first time.
- Explain the steps of gene therapy carried to cure the disease using the lymphocytes of the patient. Why is this therapy not a permanent cure of the disease?
- Write the possible permanent cure of the disease by the gene therapy that is in progress.
Assertion (A): Synthetic oligonucleotide polymers are used during Annealing in a PCR.
Reason (R): The primers bind to the double stranded DNA at their complementary regions.
State the advantage of using Thermostable DNA polymerase.
Bioreactors are the containment vehicles of any biotechnology-based production process. For large scale production and for economic reasons the final success of biotechnological process depends on the efficiency of the bioreactor.
Answer the following questions w.r.t. the given paragraph:
- List the operational guidelines that must be adhered to so as to achieve optimisation of the bioreactor system. Enlist any four.
- Mention the phase of the growth we refer to in the statement "Optimisation of growth and metabolic activity of the cells".
- Is the biological product formed in the bioreactor suitable for the intended use immediate? Give reason in support of your answer.
Identify the part of a bio-reactor which is used as a foam braker from the given figure.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The DNA fragments extracted from gel electrophoresis can be used in construction of recombinant DNA.
Statement II: Smaller size DNA fragments are observed near anode while larger fragments are found near the wells in an agarose gel.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Upon exposure to UV radiation, DNA stained with ethidium bromide will show ______.
