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प्रश्न
Can you list 10 recombinant proteins which are used in medical practice? Find out where they are used as therapeutics (use the internet).
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उत्तर
| Recombinant protein | Therapeutic use |
| Insulin | Treatment for type I diabetes mellitus. |
| Interferon-α | Used for chronic hepatitis C. |
| Erythropoietin | Treatment of anemia. |
| Coagulation factor VIII | Treatment of haemophilia A. |
| Coagulation factor IX | Treatment of haemophilia B. |
| DNAase I | Treatment of cystic fibrosis. |
| Anti-thrombin III | Prevention of blood clots. |
| Interferon-β | For the treatment of multiple sclerosis. |
| Human recombinant growth hormone | For promoting growth in an individual. |
| Tissue plasminogen activator | Treatment of acute myocardial infarction. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
From what you have learnt, can you tell whether enzymes are bigger or DNA is bigger in molecular size? How did you know?
Explain briefly:
PCR
State the importance of using a bioreactor.
Describe the process of amplification of the “gene of interest” using the PCR technique.
Gene Amplification using primers can be done by ______.
PCR proceeds mthree distinct steps governed by temperature, they are in order of ______.
Blood stains are found at the site of a murder. It DNA profiling technique is to be used for identifying the criminals, which of the following is ideal for use?
In PCR, primers are used for ______.
Rising of dough is due to ______.
An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of ______.
Significance of 'heat shock' method in bacterial transformation is to facilitate ______.
A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA molecule that was generated using a human gene. However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be ______.
Which of the following should be chosen for best yield if one were to produce a recombinant protein in large amounts?
How is copy number of the plasmid vector related to yield of recombinant protein?
Read the paragraph given below and answer and questions that follow:
| Enzyme Taq polymerase, is extracted from a eubacterial microorganism Thermus aquaticus from Yellowstone National Park in Montana, USA and isolated by Chien et al. (1976). Taq polymerase successfully replaced the DNA polymerase from E.coli that was being used in PCR earlier and this shift revolutionised the PCR technique. |
- Taq polymerase after its discovery replaced E.coli DNA polymerase in PCR technique. Explain giving reasons why was the need felt for the change?
- What is a primer and its importance in PCR?
- Write the importance of PCR as a diagnostic tool.
Write the scientific name of the source organism of the thermostable DNA polymerase used in PCR.
State the advantage of using Thermostable DNA polymerase.
Bioreactors are the containment vehicles of any biotechnology-based production process. For large scale production and for economic reasons the final success of biotechnological process depends on the efficiency of the bioreactor.
Answer the following questions w.r.t. the given paragraph:
- List the operational guidelines that must be adhered to so as to achieve optimisation of the bioreactor system. Enlist any four.
- Mention the phase of the growth we refer to in the statement "Optimisation of growth and metabolic activity of the cells".
- Is the biological product formed in the bioreactor suitable for the intended use immediate? Give reason in support of your answer.
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The DNA fragments extracted from gel electrophoresis can be used in construction of recombinant DNA.
Statement II: Smaller size DNA fragments are observed near anode while larger fragments are found near the wells in an agarose gel.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Which enzyme is specifically used to break open fungal cells during the isolation of genetic material?
In agarose gel electrophoresis, why do DNA fragments move toward the positive electrode?
In the provided agarose gel electrophoresis image, what is represented in lane 1 compared to lanes 2 through 4?
Which enzyme is utilized in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) because it remains active at high temperatures?
Which series of operations is collectively referred to as 'downstream processing'?
