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Using integration find the area of the region {(x, y) : x2+y2⩽ 2ax, y2⩾ ax, x, y ⩾ 0}.

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Question

Using integration find the area of the region {(x, y) : x2+y2⩽ 2ax, y2⩾ ax, x, y ⩾ 0}.

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Solution

 

Given:

x2+y2≤2ax, y2≥ax, x, y≥0

⇒x2+y2−2ax≤0,  y2≥ax, x, y≥0

⇒x2+y2−2ax+a2−a2≤0,  y2≥ax, x, y≥0

⇒(x−a)2+y2≤a2,  y2≥ax, x, y≥0

To find the points of intersection of the circle [(x−a)2+y2=a2] and the parabola

[y2=ax],

we will substitute y2=ax in (x−a)2+y2=a2.

(x−a)2+ax=a2

⇒x2+a2−2ax+ax=a2

⇒x(x−a)=0

⇒x=0, a

Therefore, the points of intersection are (0, 0), (a, a) and (a, −a).

Now,

Area of the shaded region= I

Area of I from x=0 to x=a

`=[int_0^a(sqrt(a^2-(x-a^2)))dx-int_0^asqrt(axd)x]`

 Let x−a=t for the first part of the integral  `int_0^a(sqrt(a^2-(x-a^2)))dx`

⇒dx=dt

`:.A_I=int_(-a)^0sqrt(a^2-t^2)dt-2sqrta/3|x^(3/2)|_0^a`

`=|t/2sqrt(a^2-t^2)+1/2a^2sin^(-1)`

 `=0-(-(pia^2)/4)-(2a^2)/3`

 `A_I=(pi/4-2/3)a^2`

∴Area of the shaded region = `(pi/4-2/3)a^2`square units

 
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2015-2016 (March) Delhi Set 1

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