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Draw diagram to illustrate the total internal reflection.
One day Chetan’s mother developed a severe stomach ache all of a sudden. She was rushed to the doctor who suggested for an immediate endoscopy test and gave an estimate of expenditure for the same. Chetan immediately contacted his class teacher and shared the information with her. The class teacher arranged for the money and rushed to the hospital. On realizing that Chetan belonged to a below average income group family, even the doctor offered concession for the test fee. The test was conducted successfully.
Answer the following questions based on the above information:
(a) Which principle in optics is made use of in endoscopy?
(b) Briefly explain the values reflected in the action taken by the teacher.
(c) In what way do you appreciate the response of the doctor on the given situation?
Define critical angle for a given medium.
Name the principle on the basis of which optical fibres work.
PQ and PR are two light rays emerging from the object as shown in the figure below:

(i) What is the special name given to the angle of incidence (∠PQN) of ray PQ?
(ii) Copy the ray diagram and complete it to show the position of the image of the object P when seen obliquely from above.
(iii) Name the phenomenon that occurs if the angle of incidence ∠PQN is increased still further.
Critical angle of light passing from glass to air is maximum for ____________.
The outer concentric shell in optic fiber is called ______.
The angle of incidence at which the angle of refraction is Q£ is called the critical angle.
A ray of light passes through a prism of refractive index `sqrt2` as shown in the figure. Find:

- The angle of incidence (∠r2) at face AC.
- The angle of minimum deviation for this prism.
A ray of light passes from vacuum into a medium of refractive index µ, the angle of incidence is found to be twice the angle of refraction. Then the angle of incidence is ______.
