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Let R and N Be Positive Integers Such that 1 ≤ R ≤ N. Then Prove the Following: N C R N − 1 C R − 1 = N R

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Question

Let r and n be positive integers such that 1 ≤ r ≤ n. Then prove the following:

\[\frac{^{n}{}{C}_r}{^{n - 1}{}{C}_{r - 1}} = \frac{n}{r}\]
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Solution

\[\frac{n_{C_r}}{n - 1_{C_{r - 1}}} = \frac{n}{r}\]

\[LHS = \frac{{}^n C_r}{{}^{n - 1} C_{r - 1}} \]
\[ = \frac{n!}{r! \left( n - r \right)!} \times \frac{\left( r - 1 \right)! \left( n - 1 - r + 1 \right)!}{\left( n - 1 \right)!} \]
\[ = \frac{n \left( n - 1 \right)!}{r \left( r - 1 \right)! \left( n - r \right)!} \times \frac{\left( r - 1 \right)! \left( n - r \right)!}{\left( n - 1 \right)!} \]
\[ = \frac{n}{r} = RHS\]

∴  LHS = RHS

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Factorial N (N!) Permutations and Combinations
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Chapter 17: Combinations - Exercise 17.1 [Page 9]

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R.D. Sharma Mathematics [English] Class 11
Chapter 17 Combinations
Exercise 17.1 | Q 20.3 | Page 9

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