Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Prove that:
\[\frac{n!}{(n - r)! r!} + \frac{n!}{(n - r + 1)! (r - 1)!} = \frac{(n + 1)!}{r! (n - r + 1)!}\]
Advertisements
Solution
\[ LHS = \frac{n!}{\left( n - r \right)!r!} + \frac{n!}{\left( n - r + 1 \right)!}\]
\[ = \frac{n!}{\left( n - r \right)!r!} + \frac{n!}{(n - r + 1) [(n - r)!]}\]
\[ = \frac{n!\left( n - r + 1 \right) + n!r!}{r!\left( n - r + 1 \right) [(n - r)!]}\]
\[ = \frac{n!\left( n + 1 \right) - n!r! + n!r!}{r!\left( n - r + 1 \right)\left( n - r \right)!}\]
\[ = \frac{n!(n + 1)}{r!\left( n - r + 1 \right)\left( n - r \right)!}\]
\[ = \frac{\left( n + 1! \right)}{r!\left( n - r + 1 \right)!} = \text{RHS}\]
\[ \text{Hence proved} .\]
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Convert the following products into factorials:
1 · 3 · 5 · 7 · 9 ... (2n − 1)
Prove that:
If P (n − 1, 3) : P (n, 4) = 1 : 9, find n.
Prove that:1 . P (1, 1) + 2 . P (2, 2) + 3 . P (3, 3) + ... + n . P (n, n) = P (n + 1, n + 1) − 1.
If P (15, r − 1) : P (16, r − 2) = 3 : 4, find r.
Find the number of different 4-letter words, with or without meanings, that can be formed from the letters of the word 'NUMBER'.
How many words, with or without meaning, can be formed by using the letters of the word 'TRIANGLE'?
There are 6 items in column A and 6 items in column B. A student is asked to match each item in column A with an item in column B. How many possible, correct or incorrect, answers are there to this question?
How many three-digit numbers are there, with no digit repeated?
In how many ways can the letters of the word 'FAILURE' be arranged so that the consonants may occupy only odd positions?
In how many ways can the letters of the word 'STRANGE' be arranged so that
the vowels occupy only the odd places?
How many words can be formed from the letters of the word 'SUNDAY'? How many of these begin with D?
How many different words can be formed from the letters of the word 'GANESHPURI'? In how many of these words:
the vowels are always together?
How many permutations can be formed by the letters of the word, 'VOWELS', when
each word begins with E?
How many permutations can be formed by the letters of the word, 'VOWELS', when
each word begins with O and ends with L?
How many permutations can be formed by the letters of the word, 'VOWELS', when
all vowels come together?
How many words can be formed out of the letters of the word 'ARTICLE', so that vowels occupy even places?
How many words (with or without dictionary meaning) can be made from the letters in the word MONDAY, assuming that no letter is repeated, if all letters are used at a time.
How many three letter words can be made using the letters of the word 'ORIENTAL'?
Find the number of words formed by permuting all the letters of the following words:
INDEPENDENCE
Find the number of words formed by permuting all the letters of the following words:
ARRANGE
Find the number of words formed by permuting all the letters of the following words:
SERIES
Find the number of words formed by permuting all the letters of the following words:
CONSTANTINOPLE
How many words can be formed by arranging the letters of the word 'MUMBAI' so that all M's come together?
Find the number of numbers, greater than a million, that can be formed with the digits 2, 3, 0, 3, 4, 2, 3.
There are three copies each of 4 different books. In how many ways can they be arranged in a shelf?
How many different arrangements can be made by using all the letters in the word 'MATHEMATICS'. How many of them begin with C? How many of them begin with T?
The letters of the word 'SURITI' are written in all possible orders and these words are written out as in a dictionary. Find the rank of the word 'SURITI'.
Find the total number of ways in which six ‘+’ and four ‘−’ signs can be arranged in a line such that no two ‘−’ signs occur together.
The letters of the word 'ZENITH' are written in all possible orders. How many words are possible if all these words are written out as in a dictionary? What is the rank of the word 'ZENITH'?
Prove that the product of 2n consecutive negative integers is divisible by (2n)!
Let r and n be positive integers such that 1 ≤ r ≤ n. Then prove the following:
There are 10 persons named\[P_1 , P_2 , P_3 , . . . . , P_{10}\]
Out of 10 persons, 5 persons are to be arranged in a line such that in each arrangement P1 must occur whereas P4 and P5 do not occur. Find the number of such possible arrangements.
Find the number of permutations of n distinct things taken r together, in which 3 particular things must occur together.
Write the number of parallelograms that can be formed from a set of four parallel lines intersecting another set of three parallel lines.
Write the number of ways in which 5 red and 4 white balls can be drawn from a bag containing 10 red and 8 white balls.
Write the number of ways in which 12 boys may be divided into three groups of 4 boys each.
