English

For all positive integers n, show that 2nCn + 2nCn − 1 = 12 2n + 2Cn+1

Advertisements
Advertisements

Question

For all positive integers n, show that 2nCn + 2nCn − 1 = `1/2` 2n + 2Cn+1 

Sum
Advertisements

Solution

\[LHS = {}^{2n} C_n + {}^{2n} C_{n - 1} \]

\[ = \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{n! n!} + \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{\left( n - 1 \right)! \left( 2n - n + 1 \right)!}\]

\[ = \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{n! n!} + \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{\left( n - 1 \right)! \left( n + 1 \right)!}\]

\[ = \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{n \left( n - 1 \right)! n!} + \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{\left( n - 1 \right)! \left( n + 1 \right)n!}\]

\[ = \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{n! \left( n - 1 \right)!} \left[ \frac{1}{n} + \frac{1}{n + 1} \right]\]

\[ = \frac{\left( 2n \right)!}{n! \left( n - 1 \right)!} \left[ \frac{2n + 1}{n \left( n + 1 \right)} \right]\]

\[ = \frac{\left( 2n + 1 \right)!}{n! \left( n + 1 \right)!}\]

\[RHS = \frac{1}{2} {}^{2n + 2} C_{n + 1} \]

\[ = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{\left( 2n + 2 \right)!}{\left( n + 1 \right)! \left( 2n + 2 - n - 1 \right)!} \right]\]

\[ = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{\left( 2n + 2 \right)!}{\left( n + 1 \right)! \left( n + 1 \right)!} \right]\]

\[ = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{\left( 2n + 2 \right) \left( 2n + 1 \right)!}{\left( n + 1 \right) n! \left( n + 1 \right)!} \right]\]

\[ = \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{2\left( n + 1 \right) \left( 2n + 1 \right)!}{\left( n + 1 \right) n! \left( n + 1 \right)!} \right]\]

\[ = \frac{\left( 2n + 1 \right)!}{n! \left( n + 1 \right)!}\]

∴ LHS = RHS

shaalaa.com
Factorial N (N!) Permutations and Combinations
  Is there an error in this question or solution?
Chapter 17: Combinations - Exercise 17.1 [Page 8]

APPEARS IN

R.D. Sharma Mathematics [English] Class 11
Chapter 17 Combinations
Exercise 17.1 | Q 17 | Page 8

RELATED QUESTIONS

Convert the following products into factorials: 

(n + 1) (n + 2) (n + 3) ... (2n)


Convert the following products into factorials:

1 · 3 · 5 · 7 · 9 ... (2n − 1)


If (n + 2)! = 60 [(n − 1)!], find n. 


Prove that: 

\[\frac{n!}{(n - r)!}\] = n (n − 1) (n − 2) ... (n − (r − 1))

Prove that:

\[\frac{n!}{(n - r)! r!} + \frac{n!}{(n - r + 1)! (r - 1)!} = \frac{(n + 1)!}{r! (n - r + 1)!}\]


If P (5, r) = P (6, r − 1), find r ?


If P (n, 5) = 20. P(n, 3), find n ?


If P(11, r) = P (12, r − 1) find r.


From among the 36 teachers in a school, one principal and one vice-principal are to be appointed. In how many ways can this be done?


How many words, with or without meaning, can be formed by using all the letters of the word 'DELHI', using each letter exactly once?


How many words, with or without meaning, can be formed by using the letters of the word 'TRIANGLE'?


All the letters of the word 'EAMCOT' are arranged in different possible ways. Find the number of arrangements in which no two vowels are adjacent to each other.


In how many ways can the letters of the word 'STRANGE' be arranged so that

the vowels never come together? 


How many different words can be formed with the letters of word 'SUNDAY'? How many of the words begin with N? How many begin with N and end in Y?


How many permutations can be formed by the letters of the word, 'VOWELS', when
each word begins with E?


How many words can be formed out of the letters of the word 'ARTICLE', so that vowels occupy even places?


How many words (with or without dictionary meaning) can be made from the letters in the word MONDAY, assuming that no letter is repeated, if 4 letters are used at a time?


How many words (with or without dictionary meaning) can be made from the letters in the word MONDAY, assuming that no letter is repeated, if all letters are used but first is vowel.


Find the number of words formed by permuting all the letters of the following words:
CONSTANTINOPLE


How many words can be formed with the letters of the word 'UNIVERSITY', the vowels remaining together?


Find the total number of arrangements of the letters in the expression a3 b2 c4 when written at full length.


How many different signals can be made from 4 red, 2 white and 3 green flags by arranging all of them vertically on a flagstaff?


How many number of four digits can be formed with the digits 1, 3, 3, 0?


How many permutations of the letters of the word 'MADHUBANI' do not begin with M but end with I?


There are three copies each of 4 different books. In how many ways can they be arranged in a shelf?


How many different arrangements can be made by using all the letters in the word 'MATHEMATICS'. How many of them begin with C? How many of them begin with T?


A biologist studying the genetic code is interested to know the number of possible arrangements of 12 molecules in a chain. The chain contains 4 different molecules represented by the initials A (for Adenine), C (for Cytosine), G (for Guanine) and T (for Thymine) and 3 molecules of each kind. How many different such arrangements are possible?


If the letters of the word 'MOTHER' are written in all possible orders and these words are written out as in a dictionary, find the rank of the word 'MOTHER'.


Find the total number of ways in which six ‘+’ and four ‘−’ signs can be arranged in a line such that no two ‘−’ signs occur together.


Evaluate

\[^ {20}{}{C}_5 + \sum^5_{r = 2} {}^{25 - r} C_4\]

Find the number of permutations of n distinct things taken together, in which 3 particular things must occur together.


Find the number of permutations of n different things taken r at a time such that two specified things occur together?


Write the value of\[\sum^6_{r = 1} \ ^{56 - r}{}{C}_3 + \ ^ {50}{}{C}_4\]


Write the number of ways in which 12 boys may be divided into three groups of 4 boys each.


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×