English

Answer the following in brief. Obtain the relationship between the rate constant and half-life of a first-order reaction.

Advertisements
Advertisements

Questions

Answer the following in brief.

Obtain the relationship between the rate constant and half-life of a first-order reaction.

Derive a relationship between the half-life and the rate constant for a first order reaction.

Answer in Brief
Derivation
Advertisements

Solution

i. The integrated rate law for the first-order reaction is k = `2.303/t log_10  [A]_0/[A]_t`

Where [A]0 is the initial concentration of the reactant at t = 0. The concentration falls to [A]t at time t after the start of the reaction. The concentration of the reactant falls to `[A]_0/2` at time t1/2.

ii. The time required for [A]0 to become `[A]_0/2` is denoted as `t_(1/2)` or `[A]_t = [A]_0/2` at t = t1/2 

Putting this condition in the integrated rate law we write

k = `2.303/t_(1/2) log_10 [A]_0/([A]_0/2)`

= `2.303/t_(1/2) log_10 2`

Substituting the value of `log_10 2`,

k = `2.303/t_(1/2) xx 0.3010`

∴ k = `0.693/t_(1/2)`

∴ `t_(1/2) = 0.693/k`

shaalaa.com
  Is there an error in this question or solution?
Chapter 6: Chemical Kinetics - Exercises [Page 136]

APPEARS IN

Balbharati Chemistry [English] Standard 12 Maharashtra State Board
Chapter 6 Chemical Kinetics
Exercises | Q 3. iv. | Page 136
Nootan Chemistry [English] Class 12 ISC
Chapter 3 Chemical Kinetics
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS | Q 31. ii. | Page 264

RELATED QUESTIONS

What are pseudo-first-order reactions?


Answer the following in brief.

Derive the integrated rate law for the first-order reaction,

\[\ce{A_{(g)} -> B_{(g)} + C_{(g)}}\] in terms of pressure.


Solve

The half-life of a first-order reaction is 1.7 hours. How long will it take for 20% of the reactant to react?


Write a mathematical expression for integrated rate law for zero-order reaction.


The rate constant of the first order reaction is 1.386 min–1. Calculate the time required for 80% reactant to decompose?


For a first order reaction \[\ce{A ->Product}\] with initial concentration x mol L−1, has a half life period of 2.5 hours. For the same reaction with initial concentration `("x"/2)` mol L−1 the half life is


The decomposition of phosphine (PH3) on tungsten at low pressure is a first-order reaction. It is because the


For a first-order reaction, the rate constant is 6.909 min−1 the time taken for 75% conversion in minutes is


The rate constant of a reaction is 5.8 × 10−2 s−1. The order of the reaction is ____________.


If 75% of a first order reaction was completed in 60 minutes, 50% of the same reaction under the same conditions would be completed in ____________.


Describe the graphical representation of first order reaction.


Write the rate law for the following reaction.

A reaction that is second order in NO and first order in Br2.


For first order reaction the concentration of reactant decreases from 0.2 to 0.1 M in 100 minutes. What is the rate constant of the reaction?


If [A] is the concentration of A at any time t and [A]0 is the concentration at t = 0, then for the 1st order reaction, the rate equation can be written as ____________.


In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant, decreases from 0.8 mol dm−3 to 0.4 mol dm−3 in 15 minutes. The time taken for the concentration to change from 0.1 mol dm−3 to 0.025 mol dm−3 is ____________.


For first order reaction the slope of the graph of log10 [A]t Vs. time is equal to ____________.


The slope of a graph, log [A]t versus 't' for a first order reaction is −2.5 × 10−3 s−1. The rate constant for the reaction is ____________.


For a zero order reaction, the plot of [A]t vs t is linear. The slope of the line is equal to ____________.


Which among the following is an example of zero order reaction?


In a reaction \[\ce{N2_{(g)} + 3H2_{(g)} -> 2NH3_{(g)}}\], if the rate of disappearance of N2(g) is 2.6 × 10−4 M/s, the rate of disappearance of H2(g) in M/s is ____________.


Half-life of first-order reaction \[\ce{X -> Y + Z}\] is 3 minutes. What is the time required to reduce the concentration of 'X' by 90 % of it's initial concentration?


Rate constant for zero order reaction is 2 × 10-2 mol L-1 s-1. If the concentration of the reactant after 25 sec. is 0.5 M, what is the initial concentration of reactant?


The integrated rate equation is Rt = log C0 – log Ct, then the straight-line graph is obtained by plotting.


Which one of the following reactions is a true first-order reaction?


Which of the following correctly represents integrated rate law equation for a first order reaction in a gas phase?


A first order reaction takes 10 minute for 30% completion. Find rate constant of the reaction.


Calculate the time required to decrease the concentration of reactant of first order reaction from 0.8 M to 0.1 M if rate constant is 0.1155 hour−1.


Which of the following equations exhibits the integrated rate law equation for first order reaction?


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×