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Answer the following in brief. Obtain the relationship between the rate constant and half-life of a first-order reaction. - Chemistry

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Questions

Answer the following in brief.

Obtain the relationship between the rate constant and half-life of a first-order reaction.

Derive a relationship between the half-life and the rate constant for a first order reaction.

Answer in Brief
Derivation
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Solution

i. The integrated rate law for the first-order reaction is k = `2.303/t log_10  [A]_0/[A]_t`

Where [A]0 is the initial concentration of the reactant at t = 0. The concentration falls to [A]t at time t after the start of the reaction. The concentration of the reactant falls to `[A]_0/2` at time t1/2.

ii. The time required for [A]0 to become `[A]_0/2` is denoted as `t_(1/2)` or `[A]_t = [A]_0/2` at t = t1/2 

Putting this condition in the integrated rate law we write

k = `2.303/t_(1/2) log_10 [A]_0/([A]_0/2)`

= `2.303/t_(1/2) log_10 2`

Substituting the value of `log_10 2`,

k = `2.303/t_(1/2) xx 0.3010`

∴ k = `0.693/t_(1/2)`

∴ `t_(1/2) = 0.693/k`

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Chapter 6: Chemical Kinetics - Exercises [Page 136]

APPEARS IN

Balbharati Chemistry [English] Standard 12 Maharashtra State Board
Chapter 6 Chemical Kinetics
Exercises | Q 3. iv. | Page 136
Nootan Chemistry Part 1 and 2 [English] Class 12 ISC
Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS | Q 31. ii. | Page 264

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