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प्रश्न
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The energy stored in coal and petroleum originally came to the earth from the sun. The bulk of the present-day supplies was laid down some 200 to 600 million years ago, when tropical conditions were widespread. Lush, swampy forests produced huge trees; warm coastal seas swarmed with microscopic forms of life. When these organisms died, much of their tissue was recycled as it is today — through scavenging and decay. But a significant amount of dead plant and animal material was covered with mud, which prevented complete decomposition. With the passage of time, layer upon layer of the fine sediment was deposited over the once-living material; the sheer weight turned the sediments to rock. Sandwiched between the layers, both coal and petroleum were produced and preserved under pressure. Coal was formed mostly of giant fern-like plants that have only small counterparts today. Coal may still be forming here and there on earth, but conditions are not right for the production of significant quantities. |
Underline the important words and phrases.
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उत्तर
The energy stored in coal and petroleum originally came to the earth from the sun. The bulk of the present-day supplies was laid down some 200 to 600 million years ago, when tropical conditions were widespread. Lush, swampy forests produced huge trees; warm coastal seas swarmed with microscopic forms of life. When these organisms died, much of their tissue was recycled as it is today through scavenging and decay. But a significant amount of dead plant and animal material was covered with mud, which prevented complete decomposition.
With the passage of time, layer upon layer of the fine sediment was deposited over the once-living material; the sheer weight turned the sediments to rock. Sandwiched between the layers, both coal and petroleum were produced and preserved under pressure. Coal was formed mostly of giant fern-like plants that have only small counterparts today. Coal may still be forming here and there on earth, but conditions are not right for the production of significant quantities.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the following extract and answer the questions given below:
If you do not get lowered in your own eyes
While you raise yourself in those of others,
If you do not give in to gossips and lies
Rather heed them not, saying, 'who bothers?'
You may be the person I am looking for.
If you crave not for praise when you win
And look not for sympathy while you lose,
If cheers let not your head toss or spin
And after a set-back, you offer no excuse,
You may be the person I and looking for.
(1) What should be your reaction towards gossips and lies?
(2) Who are your role models? Why?
(3) Give the rhyming pairs of words from the first stanza.
(4) Which line is repeated in this extract and what is its effect?
Read the follow ing extract and answer the questions given below:
Not gold but only men can make
A people great and strong;
Men who for truth and honor's sake
Stand fast and suffer long.
Brave men who work while others sleep,
Who dare while others fly...
They build a nation's pillars deep
And lift them to the sky.
(1) What makes a nation strong?
(2) According to you, what makes India a strong and powerful nation?.
(3) Write down the rhyme scheme used in the extract.
(4) What does the phrase 'others fly ... ' mean?
Answer the following in 200-250 words :
Describe Ms. Sullivan's teaching methods?
Tick the item that is closest in meaning to the following phrase.
to take issue with
'It is not an accident that the most discrimination literary criticism of Shelley's thought and work is by a distinguished scientist, Desmond King-Hele.' How does this statement bring out the meeting point of poetry and science?
Identify the common characteristics shared by tribal communities all over the world.
Find proof from the poem for the following.
The poet’s minute observations of the steady growth of the cherry tree.
The mother was working, when the Swallow brought the yellow jewel.
Pick out a word from the poem to complete the sentence meaningfully.
She ______ (bargained) with the hawker to reduce the price.
Using points from the lesson, give the details of the following in a short paragraph.
The kite Bazar of Ahmedabad.
Given below are some words from legal terminology used in court affairs. Discuss and complete the table accordingly.
| Sr. No | Legal Terminology | Description |
| 1. | Affidavit | A written statement confirmed by oath or affirmation for use as evidence in court. |
| 2. | Argument | |
| 3. | Consent | |
| 4. | Counsel | |
| 5. | Judgement | |
| 6. | Trial | |
| 7. | Verdict | |
| 8. | Contempt of Court | |
| 9. | Notice | |
| 10. | Stay order |
The description of the character is given below. Identify the character from the play. Find some sentences which support your choice.
He is a brave but irresponsible person.
State whether the following statement is True or False:
Oberon transforms Bottom's head into that of an ass.
The consequences of Oberon’s jealousy for Titania are comic rather than tragic. Comment.
Form pairs. Discuss and prepare a list of things that can be and will be done in future. (5 things) Spot the modal verbs in your answer.
Who was Sushruta?
Write a short note on the following:
Veterinary Science in Ancient India.
Portia had many brothers and sisters.
What do the following event/action tell us about the characters? Discuss.
Arthur agreed to bring Sir Kay a sword at once.
Prepare similar word chains using the following ideas.
waterbody - pool ____________.
The items in the programme below have got mixed up. Rearrange them in the proper order. Just add the number in the left-hand column.
| Balanand Vidyalaya Art Festival Programme | |
| ( ) | → Koli Dance |
| ( ) | → igniting the Lamp |
| ( ) | → Chief Guest Speaks |
| ( ) | → Appraisal of the Art Festival |
| ( ) | → Dignitaries Arrive |
| ( ) | → Recital of ‘Taal kacheri’ |
| ( ) | → Welcome and Introduction of Guests |
| ( ) | → Prize Distribution |
| ( ) | → The Boy Comes Home - A skit by Std IX |
| ( ) | → Vote of Thanks |
Rewrite in your own words.
One of the Caesar’s traits that makes you laugh.
There are many popular lines like:-
- ‘Life is a game - play it well’.
- ‘Life is a journey - keep going ahead’.
Discuss and write down a few such metaphorical lines about ‘life’. You can make them up yourselves.
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
- ____________________________
Correct the following sentence and rewrite it.
Jesus had actually visited Papa Panov only once on Christmas Eve.
Does Marouckla get any of the things she brings?
Describe the following with the help of the (The Twelve Months) story.
Springtime
Think about what you do and you must learn to do when you speak. Make a list of such 'Do's' and Don'ts' for yourself.
Discuss the following in group.
What can we do to get rid of bad habits?
Why does the poet say that the dewdrops greet the dawn?
Have you ever seen or used a computer?
What is a password?
Have you ever seen a bird making its first-ever attempt to fly?
What did the Bodwells think when they heard the mother shout.
What was Mrs. Krishnan busy with?
Write the name of the toys against each picture.
In what ways are we doing injustice to nature?
What are the disadvantages of speaking harshly?
When should we have courage?
Work in pairs and answer the following.
Pick out the alliterated words.
In India’s coastal waters we can see a species of ______.
What does the teak tree give us?
What is a sol? How many sols make a year?
What were Anandhan and Yazhini watching in the television?
What was the epidemic that broke out in the story?
Put the given time expressions in the correct columns.
| winter | morning | 2’ o clock | evening | 1947 |
| March | Sunday | 15th August | 4.30 PM | wedding day |
| in | at | on |
Try your own.
Fortune knocks with its best who _______ for their guest.
They fed fish with______.
Choose the best answer.
Suddenly there was a______.
Match the following.
| 1. | Pablo | Inspector |
| 2. | Velayudham | old man |
| 3. | Sreejith | dog |
Answer the following yes or no question.
Did Bujju realise his mistake?
Match the rhyming words.
| pale | knows |
| boat | gale |
| goes | goat |
Match the rhyming words.
| 1. share | dare |
| 2. bread | rest |
| 3. care | needs |
| 4. deeds | ahead |
| 5. zest | bear |
Name the animal and sound it makes.
Name a few things that sink.
How did Alice reach Wonderland?
Why did the child in the poem like looking at the pictures?
Pick out word which mean the same as
place or fix (para 2)
Based on the poet’s idea of true success, think of four people in your surroundings - your family, neighbours, friends, teachers, classmates, etc. who have achieved true success. Write, in short, what makes them successful.
Look up the following entries in the Language Study pages given at the end.
- stress
- intonation
- sound
- consonant
- vowel
