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प्रश्न
How does the poet juxtapose the human condition with the behaviour of the political class?
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उत्तर
The poem is crafted in the environment when the whole of Germany rose to the ideology of Nazism and the political thinkers were determined to terminate the whole of the Jew community.
The thunderous rumbling of Adolf Hitler that “they must die” shook waves of terror across Europe paralysing Jews to utmost horror. The narrator exclaims at this that they are in his mind! In a public meeting in the USA, where they took refuge, the speaker spoke anti-Jews as well. He possibly meant that if Jews were allowed to settle in they would steal their jobs and food. Jews across America and Europe were looked at with bitter hatred. Everyone wanted them dead. At this time the couple is left destitute at the hands of fate. They are scared and bewildered. They have nothing to go back to the nation that was once there. They suffer the loss of identity and are threatened with death constantly. A striking contrast is drawn between the two sects that the world around them is divided into. One is comprising of people like them, the Jews and the other is the one hunting for them, wanting to kill them. One is the sufferer and the other is the one inflicting pain on the first one.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
1. Air pollution is an issue which concerns us all alike. One can willingly choose or reject a food, a drink or a life comfort, but unfortunately there is little choice for the air we breathe. All, what is there in the air is inhaled by one and all living in those surroundings.
2. Air pollutant is defined as a substance which is present while normally it is not there or present in an amount exceeding the normal concentrations. It could either be gaseous or a particulate matter. The important and harmful polluting gases are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone and oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The common particulate pollutants are the dusts of various inorganic or organic origins. Although we often talk of the outdoor air pollutions caused by industrial and vehicular exhausts, the indoor pollution may prove to be as or a more important cause of health problems.
3. Recognition of air pollution is relatively recent. It is not uncommon to experience a feeling of 'suffocation' in a closed environment. It is often ascribed to the lack of oxygen. Fortunately, however, the composition of air is remarkably constant all over the world. There is about 79 per cent nitrogen and 21 per cent oxygen in the air − the other gases forming a very small fraction. It is true that carbon dioxide exhaled out of lungs may accumulate in a closed and over-crowded place. But such an increase is usually small and temporary unless the room is really air-tight. Exposure to poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide may occur in a closed room, heated by burning coal inside. This may also prove to be fatal.
4. What is more common in a poorly ventilated home is a vague constellation of symptoms described as the sick-building syndrome. It is characterized by a general feeling of malaise, head-ache, dizziness and irritation of mucous membranes. It may also be accompanied by nausea, itching, aches, pains and depression. Sick building syndrome is getting commoner in big cities with the small houses, which are generally over-furnished. Some of the important pollutants whose indoor concentrations exceed those of the outdoors include gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and organic substances like spores, formaldehydes, hydrocarbon aerosols and allergens. The sources are attributed to a variety of construction materials, insulations, furnishings, adhesives, cosmetics, house dusts, fungi and other indoor products.
5. By-products of fuel combustion are important in houses with indoor kitchens. It is not only the brining of dried dung and fuelwood which is responsible, but also kerosene and liquid petroleum gas. Oxides of both nitrogen and sulphur are released from their combustion.
6. Smoking of tobacco in the closed environment is an important source of indoor pollution. It may not be high quantitatively, but significantly hazardous for health. It is because of the fact that there are over 3000 chemical constituents in tobacco smoke, which have been identified. These are harmful for human health.
7. Micro-organisms and allergens are of special significance in the causation and spread of diseases. Most of the infective illnesses may involve more persons of a family living in common indoor environment. These include viral and bacterial diseases like tuberculosis.
8. Besides infections, allergic and hypersensitivity disorders are spreading fast. Although asthma is the most common form of respiratory allergic disorders, pneumonias are not uncommon, but more persistent and serious. These are attributed to exposures to allergens from various fungi, molds, hay and other organic materials. Indoor air ventilation systems, coolers, air-conditioners, dampness, decay, pet animals, production or handling of the causative items are responsible for these hypersensitivity − diseases.
9. Obviously, the spectrum of pollution is very wide and our options are limited. Indoor pollution may be handled relatively easily by an individual. Moreover, the good work must start from one’s own house
(Extracted from the Tribune)
(a) (i) What is an air pollutant? (1)
(ii) In what forms are the air pollutants present? (2)
(iii) Why do we feel suffocated in a closed environment? (1)
(iv) What is sick building syndrome? How is it increasing? (2)
(v) How is indoor smoking very hazardous? (1)
(vi) How can one overcome the dangers of indoor air pollution? (2)
(b) Find the words from the above passage which mean the same as the following: (3)
(i) giddiness (para 4)
(ii) constant (para 8)
(iii) humidity (para 8)
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
The term dietary fibres refers collectively to indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. The importance of these dietary fibres came into the picture when it was observed that the people having diet rich in these fibres, had low incidence of coronary heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, dental caries and gall stones.
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains, legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
These dietary fibres are not digested by the enzymes of the stomach and the small intestine whereas most of other carbohydrates like starch and sugar are digested and absorbed. The dietary fibres have the property of holding water and because of it, these get swollen and behave like a sponge as these pass through the gastrointestinal tract. The fibres add bulk to the diet and increase transit time in the gut. Some of these fibres may undergo fermentation in the colon.
In recent years, it has been considered essential to have some amount of fibres in the diet. Their beneficial effects lie in preventing coronary heart disease, and decreasing cholesterol level. The fibres like gums and pectin are reported to decrease postprandial (after meals) glucose level in blood. These types of dietary fibres are recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the fenugreek (Methi) seeds, which contain 40 per cent gum, are effective in decreasing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gum containing vegetables.
Some dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of release of ingested food in colon. The diet having less fibres is associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and readily eliminated. Therefore high fibre intake prevents or relieves constipation.
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon and by decreasing the transit time there is less time for exposure of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is a less desire to eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the range of requirement. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on obesity. Another reason in helping to decrease obesity is that the high-fibre diets have somewhat lower coefficients of digestibility.
The dietary fibres may have some adverse effects on nutrition by binding some trace metals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and others and therefore preventing their proper absorption. This may pose a possibility of nutritional deficiency especially when diets contain marginal levels of mineral elements. This may become important constraints on increasing dietary fibres. It is suggested that an intake of 40 grams dietary fibres per day is desirable.
(Extracted from ‘The Tribune’)
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it in points only, using recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Also suggest a suitable title. (5)
(b) Write a summary of the above in about 80 words. (3)
How do chimps drink water from the waterholes?
When and how did the people of Iping grow suspicious of the invisible man ?
Discuss in groups of four.
The sensitive behaviour of hill-folk.
Discuss the following statement in groups of two pairs, each pair in a group taking opposite points of view.
Why do you think Professor Gaitonde decided never to preside over meetings again?
Tick the item that is closest in meaning to the following phrase.
to be wound up
Explain the line:
Within a week it sickened to a raging fever and its pulse went up to a hundred and fifty in the shade.
Discuss the following in pairs or in groups of four:
'It is time to realise that unless we modify the established notion of literature as something written, we will silently witness the decline of various Indian oral traditions'
How is the idyllic juxtaposed with the pedestrian in the poem?
Comment on the capitalisation of all the words in the line:
'Children Must be Disciplined'.
The poem has a literal level and a figurative level. Why has the poet chosen 'tigers' and 'sheep' to convey his message?
Read the following statement and mark those that apply to you.
I wish to be friends with someone but my friendship is rejected.
Read the following statement and mark those that apply to you.
I have a small group of close friends and have no wish to interact with anyone else.
Find from the story one word for the following.
the highest-ranking official who commands a ship ______
Make a list of the preparations made for an assault on Tiger Hill.
Individual guns ___________.
Breeding worms to use them to convert organic waste into fertilizer is called Vermiculture or vermicomposting.
Find out more about Vermiculture and how you can carry out the same in your garden/backyard, to fertilize your plants at home.
Discuss the activities carried out by a farmer.
Who gives medicine/treatment to sick animals and birds?
Read the text and enlist the achievements and honours of Ramanujan, received in England.
Comment on the given statement after reading the given dialogue -
And if we get him itself, nothing but abuse on our heads for it from the people, and maybe from our own relations -
you may begin like this
We do not think about society at large _________________________________________________.
What do the following words in the poem mean?
- crown
- round
- draw
- blind
Do these words have other meanings? List them.
Explain the following statement with reference to the context.
From now on The Herald shall be my artillery.
Write a review of your favorite book. Use the following points:
- Title of the book
- Author/Authors
- The central idea or story
- The important characters
- Some special features of the book
- Why it is your favourite book.
Write five words each -
with the suffix
- -less
- -ly
- -ness
Visit a library:
Read the stories of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table.
Read the poem: ‘Home they brought her warrior dead’ by Alfred Lord Tennyson.
Answer the following question and write in short, why the parody sounds funny.
Why does the crocodile work?
‘Unke, Munke, Timpetoo,
I wish, my wish is coming true.’
Try to compose two other funny magical chants that have rhyming lines.
Rearrange the following in their proper order as in the poem. Write the serial number against each line:-
(a) The Ostad sang the Malkous Raga enchantingly.
(b) Akbar followed Tansen, dressed miserably.
(c) I request you to sing such a song that will I experience unmatched joy.
(d) Ostad was nowhere to be seen.
(e) O Divine Teacher, please gift us the joy of your song.
(f) One day, the singer sang Deepak Raga in the court.
(g) Akbar expressed his wish to meet the Teacher.
(h) He experienced heavenly delight.
(i) Tansen sings to please the earthly king but Ostad devotes his songs to God.
(j) She sang Raga Malhar, which had a cooling effect.
Listen carefully and guess how the sentence would end.
This step is broken. Please be ______.
Form groups. Discuss how one can be a 'good reader'. Use the points in the above passage in your discussion. Write down the points that show what makes a 'good reader'.
Why did Marouckla’s stepmother hate her?
List and say whether the following statement agrees with the passage or not.
When you want to make a speech, there’s no need to think about it in advance.
Discuss how you will measure the worth of a journey.
Rewrite the following line in your own words.
'Never one comes flying by
But will flutter down to drink.'
How did Helen Keller help other blind people?
Departure was delayed because of the author.
Read the story again and write how these character reacted in these situation:
Just wait till zigzag settles down in this new home. Visu………….................………………
Aravind and Maya…….……………….
What story did grandfather tell them about the haunted hill?
Identify the character/speaker.
You may stay if you answer my riddle.
Look at the number pattern. Fill the blank in the middle of the series or end of the series.
FAG, GAF, HAI, IAH, ______
Raj did not buy______.
He offered _______ to his daughters.
_______ broke out in the near by villages.
What was the epidemic that broke out in the story?
Put the given time expressions in the correct columns.
| winter | morning | 2’ o clock | evening | 1947 |
| March | Sunday | 15th August | 4.30 PM | wedding day |
| in | at | on |
Jaswant managed to kill _________ Chinese soldiers.
Raju loves______.
Choose the correct option from the given homophones.
What did you ______ at the store?
Choose the best answer.
The animals ______ the boat.
Match the rhyming words.
| 1. share | dare |
| 2. bread | rest |
| 3. care | needs |
| 4. deeds | ahead |
| 5. zest | bear |
Read the advertisement and answer the question given below.
What is the advertisement about?
Try your own.
Whose word are these? Name the character.
“I am not rich enough to buy this plate. This is a gold plate.”
What will you do if you have a gold plate?
______ is a great risk to the environment.
Why did the headmaster give Megala a special prize?
Write compound word using the pictures.
 |
+ |  |
| ____________ | ||
