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प्रश्न
Discuss the following in pairs or in groups of four:
'It is time to realise that unless we modify the established notion of literature as something written, we will silently witness the decline of various Indian oral traditions'
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उत्तर
Literature is usually thought of including those compositions like poetry and prose which are written. But going by this notion, one may miss the aesthetic beauty of the compositions as prevalent in many oral traditions. There is another stream of literature containing compositions which are rich both thematically and aesthetically. But as we have a rigid criteria of regarding compositions as literature only when these are written so these do not get the status of literature. This is the case with many Indian oral traditions. Unless we modify our notions of literature there is every possibility that we will silently witness the decline of various Indian oral traditions.
Another perspective
Oral literary tradition is not a unique phenomenon in India. Oral traditions have been in existence in all parts of the world. Oral traditions do not die out because of their very nature of being transmitted
orally. So it hardly matters whether we modify our notion about literature or not , the oral traditions will continue to exist. What needs to be done is promotion of oral literary tradition through patronage of the state.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Complete the following statements :
(ii) Maharashtra depends on India, because ................
Read the following passage and do the given activities:
B.1) Comparison
Write the comparison between the parts of the modular phone and the human body:
| Modular Phone | Parts of Human Body |
Every phone you buy, no matter how costly and latest it is, will go out of date in a year or so. That’s how quickly the smartphone world is moving right now. To keep yourself up to date with the current specification you will have to keep switching phones every once a while. What’s the solution to this problem?
MODULAR PHONES!
A modular device is a phone, tablet or another device where individual components such as the screen, camera, CPU, battery, memory can be removed by the user and replaced by others with a different specification. Imagine your body to be your phone and your clothes as the components, you can wear anything according to your needs and moods. Similarly, modular phones let you choose between components of different properties and specifications.
This would mean we’ll have the liberty to customize our phones, just like Lego building blocks! The main components of the phone will be Brain (processor), Spine (frame, screen) and Heart (battery). The other components may include a camera, storage memory, GPS, audio jack, speakers, USB module, etc. and the phone will have a motherboard, i.e. a base that will hold all components together
B.2) Give examples:
Write two examples that give the liberty to customize our phone.
• ____________________
• ____________________
B.3) Framing sentence:
Use the given phrases in sentences of your own:
(i) up to date
(ii) once a while
B.4) Write as instructed:
Rewrite the sentence as interrogative:
(i) We’ll have the liberty to customize our phones.
(ii) We will have the liberty to customize our phones. (Rewrite using the present participle form of the underlined word)
B.5) Personal Response
If given a chance to design a modular phone, what new features would you add?
Notice the following uses of the word ‘tell’ in the text.
1. Her fingers were busy telling the beads of her rosary.
2. I would tell her English words and little things about Western science and learning.
3. At her age, one could never tell.
4. She told us that her end was near.
Given below are four different senses of the word ‘tell’. Match the meanings to the uses listed above.
1. make something known to someone in spoken or written words
2. count while reciting
3. be sure
4. give information to somebody
Number the points.
Notice the italicized sentence placed at the top of the article which tells us at a glance what the article is about.
Explain the significance of the lines ‘I tie this Ridin creeper To fasten your soul to your body.’
The poem is a satire against the present political class. How effectively does it convey the anger and anguish of the common man trapped in the system?
Give a brief account of the interaction between Grandpa and Jo.
Pick out words from the poem to fill in the web diagram. They should be related to the theme in the web.
Think and answer in your own words.
How do parents react when they see children soil their clothes in dust and heat?
State whether the following statement is True or False. Correct the false statement by finding evidence from the poem to support your remark.
The poet was exalted at the sight of the cherry tree.
The kite - Bazar in Ahmedabad, is open day and night for a week.
Find out from a vet or from a website, what precaution a vet has to take when he/she is called to treat wild, dangerous animals?
Make point-wise notes of the same.
How do we realize that animals are not feeling well?
Expand the idea inherent in the following proverb :
Fools rush in where angels fear to tread - Alexander Pope.
Discuss orally in your class.
In what subjects is knowledge of mathematics used, at school level, and college/university level? Name them.
Did you know maths is used in music and poetry also? Can you tell how?
Answer the following question in short.
Why did Pundit Shahane visit Vijaynagar?
Read the following sentence carefully and choose the correct meaning.
The Peacock had a gorgeous tail like no other bird.
Find, in your science textbook, the topics of the stalls handled by students of VI A.
(Write the page number.)
Write a character sketch of each of the animals. Write about their actions and thoughts and the qualities that emerge through them. You may present the sketch in the form of a graphic.
What changes do we see in the life of human beings when the season changes? Write with reference to their clothes.
Answer in your own words.
What task did Grandpa wish to avoid?
Colour, sound, and images from nature add to the beauty of a poem: 'Tartary' is a perfect example of the above. Pick outlines that contain –
- Colour
- Sound
- Images from nature
Using your imagination, write about a beautiful region - its landforms, water bodies, flora and fauna, night sky, people, etc.
Read: ‘Just So Stories’ and ‘The Jungle Book’ by Rudyard Kipling.
Say whether you agree or disagree.
The bachelor had narrated an improper story to the children.
Make groups. One person in the group chooses an announcement. Everyone in the group reads that announcement silently but carefully and closes their books. Then that person presents the announcement, changing one of the details in the announcement. Others spot the change. For example, you might say ‘red’ key chain instead of ‘blue’ in the last announcement.
Name the following.
Did not let the passes go waste.
Form groups of four or five.
Try to find the answers to the following questions through observation and by talking to your teachers, parents and others. Discuss your answers in the group.
- How is waste generated?
- How is it removed or cleared?
- How can we help in the task of clearing or removing garbage?
Discuss the following in group.
Do’s and Don’ts for young children.
What does a farmer need most for his fields?
Who am I?
Who Am I? is a guessing game where players use ‘yes’ or ‘no’ questions to guess the identity of a famous person. Questions are based upon the traits and characteristics of a person everyone will be able to identify.
Divide the class into groups. One group should decide the personality while the other group should ask ‘yes’ or ‘no’ type questions. To win the game, a team needs to find out the person within 10 clues.
Sample questions to ask. Answers must be ‘yes’ or ‘no’ only
- Are you a male (female)?
- Are you a famous personality?
- Are you a singer (dancer, actor)?
- Are you a historical figure?
- Are you young (old)?
- Are you alive now?
- Does your name start with ‘___’?
- Is he/she ____ ?
Find a sentence/word from the text which express the following.
One of the qualities of the teacher.
How did the children react when they met each other at the ruins?
Read the following article about the amazing similarities between the assassination of John F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln; then underline the passive forms.
Abraham Lincoln was elected to Congress in 1846. Voters elected John F. Kennedy to Congress in 1946.
Lincoln was elected president in 1860. Voters elected Kennedy president in 1960.
Both men were particularly concerned with civil rights.
Both wives lost their children while living in the White House.
Lincoln was shot on a Friday. Someone shot Kennedy on a Friday.
Lincoln was shot in the head. The gunman shot Kennedy in the head.
Lincoln’s secretary was called Kennedy. Kennedy’s secretary was called Lincoln.
Lincoln was assassinated by a Southerner. A Southerner assassinated Kennedy.
Lincoln was succeeded by a Southerner named Johnson. A Southerner named Johnson succeeded Kennedy.
Andrew Johnson, who succeeded Lincoln, was born in 1808.
Lyndon Johnson, who succeeded Kennedy, was born in 1908.
John Wilkes Booth, who assassinated Lincoln, was born in 1839. Lee Harvey Oswald, who assassinated Kennedy, was born in 1939.
Both assassins were known by their three names and both names are composed of fifteen letters.
Lincoln was shot at a theatre named “Ford”. The gunman shot Kennedy in a car called a “Lincoln” that the company Ford made.
Booth ran from the theatre and was caught in a warehouse. Oswald ran from a warehouse and the police caught him in a theatre.
Booth was assassinated before his trial. Someone assassinated Oswald before his trial.
What are the two reasons the author gives for the plants moving towards grandfather?
What does the peepul do?
What did Raj buy?
Who was challenged for a race?
How did the aliens know the boys' language?
Match the following.
| cuckoo | blows |
| breeze | sings |
| river | swims |
| fish | flows |
Vicky decided to______ the robot at the end.
Look at the picture and Choose the correct word.
How will you treat your guest?
The bird catcher’s clothes were dry.
The pigeon flew away for dry twigs.
Anbu was talented in catching______.
What did the oil seller perform?
Do you love to seek answers to the questions?
The official and his wife liked______.
Find and write the clues.
Clue for blind eye ______
Kamali gave her savings to______.
He got an admission to study at Stanford University ______.
The fir tree was not happy with the gold leaves ______.
Replace the bold word/words with a word from the quiver and re-write the sentence –
The teacher said something about his good handwriting. He felt very happy.
What does the earth do when the day is over?
Write the related words as shown in the example:
How can we identify insecure websites?
The branch of economics that deals with the allocation of resources.
- Microeconomics
- Macro economics
- Economics
- None of these
Read the following sentence.
‘A very wise man once remarked that of the unspoken word, you are a master; of the spoken word, you are a slave.’
The sentence has two pairs of opposites - spoken and unspoken, and master and slave. The contrasting ideas make the sentence more effective. Putting together opposite or contrasting ideas in one sentence is a literary device. It is called antithesis.
Read the following examples of antithesis.
- Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice.
- Man proposes and God disposes.
- Speech is silver, but silence is gold.
- Patience is bitter, but it has a sweet fruit.
