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प्रश्न
Have you are wondered why soldiers are always clad in green? This is to enable them to camouflage themselves during wartime. Hiding in the jungles, their green attire blends into the surrounding trees and shrubs, making it difficult for the enemies to spot them.
Long before man-made use of camouflaging, insects have already adopted the tactic of disguise to escape from the clutches of their predators. By having body colour close to those of the rocks and dried leaves, they can escape from being pursued by the predators.
Butterflies and moths have developed a variety of camouflage strategies since they are quite defenceless and their predators are abundant. Possessing wings which resemble dried leaves help certain butterflies and moths to hide among heaps of dried leaves when predators are around.
Fortunately, not all insects choose the art of disguise to escape from their predators; otherwise, the world would be so dull and colourless. There are insects which assimilate the bright body colours of bees and wasps to escape from being pursued by their predator. Long ago, birds have already learnt to avoid brilliantly coloured wasps and bees in fear of their painful stings. Hence, over millions of years, many harmless insects have assimilated the bees and wasps by imitating. their bright body colours and shapes. In this way, they appear dangerous and hence ward them off.
The beefy, not only appears like the bumblebee in terms of body colour, even its hums sound similar too. The only difference is that the beefy does not have a stirring and is hence harmless. The hoverfly is another insect which imitates. the body colours of the wasps. Their bodies are striped yellow and black. The only deviations are that hoverflies do not have stings, and they have only one pair of wings each while wasps have two pairs each. These variations are hardly noticed by the predators and hence help them to escape.
A1. Complete the table with the information from the passage : (2)
| Insects | Similarity | Difference |
| Bumblebee - Beefy | ||
| Wasp - Hoverfly |
A2. Complete the tree diagram : (2)
A3. Find out : (2)
‘Nature has given a self-protection mechanism to insects’.
Find out at least two examples from the passage to prove this statement.
A4. Vocabulary - (2)
Find the words from the passage for :
(i) animal or bird that hunts other for food
(ii) to get free from danger
(iii) to prevent something from harming
(iv) to make a copy
A5. Personal response - (2)
‘Soldiers disguise themselves to prevent enemies to spot them’.
Give two more examples when the disguising technique is used by humans.
A6. Grammar - (2)
Rewrite the following sentences in the ways instructed :
(i) They have only one pair of wings.
(Make it negative without changing the meaning)
(ii) Insects have already adopted the tactic of disguise to escape from the clutches of their predators.
(Replace infinitive with gerund and rewrite)
(B) Summary : (3)
Summarise the above extract with the help of the points given and suggest a suitable title.
Camouflage of soldiers and insects - reason and ways for disguising - assimilation of insects - need of imitation.
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उत्तर
A1.
| Insects | Similarly | Difference |
| Bumblebee-Beefy | Body colour and hums sound | Beefy does not have a sting & hence it harmless. |
| Wasp – Hoverfly | Body colour (yellow & black stripes) | Hoverflies do not have stings and they have the only a pair of wings each while wasps have two pairs each. |
A2.
A3.
The examples from the passage to prove the statement- 'Nature has given self-protection mechanism to insects’ are :
(i) By having body colour close to those of the rocks and dried leaves, they can escape from being pursued by the predators.
(ii) Possessing wings which resemble dried leaves help certain butterflies and moths to hide among heaps of dried leaves when predators are around.
A4.
(i) predators
(ii) escape
(iii) tactics
(iv) imitates
A5.
The examples of the disguising technique used by humans are:
(i) Native American Hunters wore wolf skins to stalk buffalo.
(i) The cloaks of invisibility used for magic shows or duplicate the person.
A6.
(i) They do not have more than one pair of wings.
(ii) Insects have already adopted the tactic of disguise for escaping from the clutches of their predators.
(B)
The Deceptive marking
Camouflage is used by soldiers in order to protect them from the enemies and also to be safe from the
insects who are camouflaging in the jungle in between the rocks, trees, shrubs and dried leaves. Soldiers use this technique so that they can hide in the jungle area and their enemies could not spot them easily and attack. Nature has given insects the art of disguise naturally like having body colour or possessing wings which resemble dried leaves or rocks. So that they can escape from being pursued by the predators. The assimilation of insects is done as their bright body colour and shapes so that they appear dangerous and hence ward them off. There are several similarities and differences between beefy, bumblebee, hoverfly, wasp and other insects. The need for imitation in insects is required because their variations are hardly noticed by the predators and it helps them to escape
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Working in pairs, go through the table below that gives you information about the top women tennis players since 1975. Write a short article for your school magazine comparing and contrasting the players in terms of their duration at the top. Mention some qualities that you think may be responsible for their brief or long stay at the top spot.
Top-Ranked Women Players
I. The roll of honour of women who enjoyed life at the summit since everybody’s favourite player, Chris Evert, took her place in 1975.
| Name | Ranked on | Weeks as No. 1 |
| Maria Sharapova (Russia) | 22 August 2005 | 1 |
| Lindsay Davenport (U.S.) |
October 2004 |
82 |
| Amelie Mauresmo (France) | 13 September 2004 | 5 |
|
Justine Henin-Hardenne (Belgium) |
20 October 2003 | 45 |
| Kim Clijsters (Belgium) | 11 August 2003 | 12 |
| Serena Williams (U.S.) | 8 July 2002 | 57 |
| Venus Williams (U.S.) | 25 February 2002 | 11 |
| Jennifer Capriati (U.S.) | 15 October 2001 | 17 |
| Lindsay Davenport (U.S.) | 12 October 1998 | 82 |
| Martina Hingis (Switzerland) | 31 March 1997 | 209 |
| Arantxa Sanchez-Vicario (Spain) | 6 February 1995 | 12 |
| Monica Seles (U.S.) | 11 March 1991 | 178 |
| Steffi Graf (Germany) | 17 August 1987 | 377 |
| Tracy Austin (U.S.) | 7 April 1980 | 22 |
| Martina Navratilova (U.S.) | 10 July 1978 | 331 |
| Chris Evert (U.S.) | 3 November 1975 | 362 |
Your school is hosting an Inter-School Quiz Competition.
Write out a notice to be displayed in your school, giving all the details about the event.
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Who is the narrator? What has been described earlier?
Comment on the contrasted viewpoints in the poem.
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Thus I entered, and thus I go!
In triumphs, people have dropped down dead,
"Paid by the world, what dost thou owe
Me? "....God might question; now instead,
'Tis God shall repay: I am safer so.
Read the above lines and amswer the question that follow.
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Show how the story shows a conflict between humans and nature.
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Don John: Come, let us to the banquet
[Exeunt all but Claudio]
Claudio: Thus answer 1 in name of Benedick,
But hear this ill news with the ears of Claudio. 'Tis certain so; the prince woos for himself. Friendship is constant in all other things Save in the office and affairs of love. Therefore all hearts in love use their own tongues. Let every eye negotiate for itself, And trust no agent; for beauty is a witch Against whose charms faith melteth into blood. This is an accident of hourly proof, Which I Mistrusted not. Farewell, therefore, Hero.
[Enter Benedick]
Benedick: Count Claudio?
Claudio: Yea, the same.
(i) Where are the speakers? Describe Claudio's state of mind?
(ii) What has Don John just revealed to Claudio?
(iii) Explain the lines:
"Therefore all hearts in love use their own tongues.
Let every eye negotiate for itself,
And trust no agent;"
(iv) How does Don John succeed in conveying his thoughts to Claudio? What is his intention in doing so?
(v) Why is 'beauty' said to be a 'witch'? Which aspect of Claudio is seen here?
(vi) Give the meanings of the following words as they are used in the context of the passage: ill; save; office;
(A) If Rita had finished her work earlier, she would have gone to the market.
(B) Had…………………………
They have to go to bed early every night. They are allowed to stay update on Saturdays.
He takes________ his grandfather
Write a composition (350 - 400 words) on the following:
“The use of Mobile Phones must be allowed in schools.” Express your views either for or against the statement.
Referring closely to the play, trace Don John's plots against Claudio and Don Pedro from their earliest beginnings. How do the plots end?
When did he realise that there was something wrong?
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
The morning stretched calm, beautiful, and warm.
Sprawling half-clad, I gazed out at the form
Of shimmering leaves and shadows. Suddenly
A strong flash, then another, startled me.
I saw the old stone lantern brightly lit.
(A Doctor’s Journal Entry for August 6, 1945: Vikram Seth)
(i) In which country did the incident described in the poem occur? What had caused the flashes? What happened to his home soon after?
(ii) Describe the injuries suffered by the Doctor.
(iii) What was his wife’s name? What happened to a house standing before them?
(iv) How does he describe the people he met on the way?
(v) Why were the people walking with their hands away from their bodies? What was common to all of them? What message does the poem convey?
She shouted angrily_________ the disobedient boy.
Name some leaves and flowers that are used as adornments in our country.
Below is a topic for essay writing. Follow the steps listed above to write on these topics.
Those who can bear all can dare all
Below is a topic for essay writing. Follow the steps listed above to write on these topics.
Success begins in the mind
Discuss with your partners
Reading plays is more interesting than studying science.
Distinguish between the following pairs of sentences.
Green and black stripes were used alternately.
What do you understand the character of Mrs. Croft from the story?
‘Mrs. Croft’s was the first death I mourned in America, for, hers was the first life I had admired; she had left this world, at last, ancient and alone, never to return’—how do these lines encapsulate the bond that is possible between two strangers?
Interview the students of your class regarding the career they would like to pursue and the reason for selecting that particular career. Collect the data from your class and analyze the information you have collected.
We add ‘un-’ to make opposites. For example, true — untrue. Add ‘un’– to the word below to make its opposite. Then look up the meaning of the word you have formed in the dictionary.
answerable: ____________
The words in the box are all words that describe movement. Use them to fill in the blank in the sentence below.
When the cobra tried to bite it, the mongoose ____________ aside.
Look at the sentences given below. Find out which one is correct. If the sentence is wrong give reasons.
Different arms and ammunitions are mentioned in the excerpt. Find their names.
What vocation / profession / business would you like to take up in the future? Prepare a fact file for the same using the following points.
- Name of the vocation / profession / business ____________
- Educational qualifications required ____________
- Work profile / description ____________
- Opportunities for advancement ____________
- Your personal skills / talents for the choice ____________
Write an appreciation of the poem considering the following points:
- About the poem, poet, and title.
- Theme/summary/gist of the poem.
- Poetic style/language, poetic devices used in the poem.
- Special features/novelties/focusing elements.
- Message/values/morals in the poem.
- Your opinion about the poem.
'Seems to touch the starry skies'. The poet has used word imagery. Describe the idea and pick out other similar examples from the poem.
Write a summary of the sonnet. Refer to the earlier poems for the points to be covered for writing the summary.
- Title
- Introductory paragraph (about the poem, type, nature, tone)
- Main body (central idea, the gist of the poem)
- Conclusion (opinion, views, appeal).
Understand the quotation and expand it in a paragraph format.
'Pride goes on horseback, but returns on foot'.
Is an educated person the same as a degree holder?
Make a list of the behaviours in educated people that you find unacceptable:
- ___________________
- ___________________
- ___________________
- ___________________
‘Invictus’ is an example of Traditional Poetry. ‘Please Listen’ is an example of Free Verse.
Pick out the nouns from the poem. Write as many Cinquain poems as you can.
Fill in the blank with choosing prepositions from the option.
As they flew ______ the tree they were trapped.
Can you write six things that are made of wood?
List as many summer activities as you can.
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Describe the man awaiting the arrival of his friend.
What made her feel confident about the competitive players? Explain.
Lack of adequate financial resources and sponsorships often affect sportspersons. How is this evident from Mary Kom’s life?
How did Woman 5 move ahead in the waiting list of patients?
Fill in the following forms with imaginary details.
What did Aunt Jane like about Jack’s ‘little nest’?
Which of the following lines tells us that the poet Wordsworth carried a mental picture of the daffodils?
Using the given informal letter as a model, write a letter on any one of the topics given below.
Write letter to your father asking permission to go on a educational tour.
What might success mean to the following people? Think about it and write.
A person who has applied for a job
Prepare a set of questions to interview -
A well-known social worker in your area.
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- Characters Enter
- Climax
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- Action begins
- Scene of the play
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- Interaction of characters
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Describe your dream vehicle in a few lines.
Can you think of any events in your own or someone else’s life to support the quote-
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What is likely to happen if you don’t tell the truth?’
Imagine someone has invited your family to a program, and you were the only person at home when the invitation was given orally.
Write a note (4–5 lines) to pass on the message to the other people in your family. Or, write an imaginary conversation in which you pass on the message to your parents.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions (i), (ii) and (iii) that follow.
| (1) | “Can I see the Manager?” I said, and added solemnly, “Alone.” I don't know why I said “Alone.” “Certainly,” said the accountant and fetched him. | |
| (2) | The Manager was a grave, calm man. I held my fifty-six dollars clutched in a crumpled ball in my pocket. “Are you the Manager?” I asked. God knows I did not doubt it. “Yes,” he said. “Can I see you …. alone?” I asked. |
5 |
| (3) | The Manager looked at me in some alarm. He felt that I had an awful secret to reveal. “Come in here,” he said, and led the way to a private room. He turned the key in the lock. “We are safe from interruption here,” he said; “Sit down.” We both sat down and looked at each other. I found no voice to speak. “You are one of Pinkerton’s men, I presume,” he said. |
10 |
| (4) |
He had gathered from my mysterious manner that I was a detective. I knew what he was thinking, and it made me worse. |
15
20
|
| (5) | The Manager got up and opened the door. He called to the accountant. “Mr. Montgomery,” he said unkindly loud, “this gentleman is opening an account, he will deposit fifty-six dollars. Good morning.” I rose. A big iron door stood open at the side of the room. “Good morning,” I said, and stepped into the safe. “Come out,” said the Manager coldly and showed me the other way. |
30 |
| (6) | I went up to the accountant’s wicket and poked the ball of money at him with a quick convulsive movement as if I were doing a conjuring trick. My face was ghastly pale. “Here,” I said, “deposit it.” The tone of the words seemed to mean, “Let us do this painful thing while the fit is on us.” He took the money and gave it to another clerk. |
35 |
| (7) | He made me write the sum on a slip and sign my name in a book. I no longer knew what I was doing. The bank swam before my eyes. “Is it deposited?” I asked in a hollow, vibrating voice. “It is,” said the accountant. “Then I want to draw a cheque.” My idea was to draw out six dollars of it for present use. Someone gave me a chequebook through a wicket and someone else began telling me how to write it out. The people in the bank had the impression that I was an invalid millionaire. I wrote something on the cheque and thrust it in at the clerk. He looked at it. |
40
45 |
| (8) | “What! Are you drawing it all out again?” he asked in surprise. Then I realised that I had written fifty-six instead of six. I was too far gone to reason now. I had a feeling that it was impossible to explain the thing. I had burned my boats. All the clerks had stopped writing to look at me. Reckless with misery, I made a plunge. “Yes, the whole thing.” “You withdraw all your money from the bank?” “Every cent of it.” “Are you not going to deposit anymore?” said the clerk, astonished. “Never.” |
50
55 |
| (9) | An idiot hope struck me that they might think something had insulted me while I was writing the cheque and that I had changed my mind. I made a wretched attempt to look like a man with a fearfully quick temper. | |
| (10) | The clerk prepared to pay the money. “How will you have it?” he said. This question came as a bolt from the blue. “What?” “How will you have it?” “Oh!”— I caught his meaning and answered without even trying to think— “in fifties.” He gave me a fifty-dollar bill. “And the six?” he asked dryly. “In sixes,” I said. He gave it to me and I rushed out. As the big door swung behind me. I caught the echo of a roar of laughter that went up to the ceiling of the bank. Since then, I bank no more. I keep my money in cash in my trousers pocket and my savings in silver dollars in a sock. |
60
65
70 |
| Adapted from: My Financial Career By Stephen Leacock |
||
-
- Find a single word from the passage that will exactly replace the underlined word or words in the following sentences. [3]
- The kind stranger went and got back the ball from where it had rolled into the bush.
- I took offence at the expression on his face that was clearly meant to insinuate I was a liar.
- The firm experienced a financial loss when the contract went to a contender who had just entered the business.
- For each of the words given below, choose the correct sentence that uses the same word unchanged in spelling, but with a different meaning from that which it carries in the passage. [3]
- alarm (line 8)
- The silence from the other end set off alarm bells in her head.
- The pallor of his skin alarmed those standing around.
- I set my alarm for six o’clock but slept through it.
- The sound of the approaching jets caused some alarm in the war room.
- wicket (line 44)
- The wicketkeeper was the true saviour of the day for that one match.
- The team wanted to bat while the wicket was still dry.
- The man at the window handed us our tickets through the wicket.
- The quick loss of wickets demoralised the team.
- reason (line 48)
- After the tragedy, his ability to reason is severely diminished.
- They reasoned they could get better seats if they arrived early.
- Recipients of funds were selected without rhyme or reason.
- We have every reason to celebrate.
- alarm (line 8)
- Find a single word from the passage that will exactly replace the underlined word or words in the following sentences. [3]
- Answer the following questions as briefly as possible in your own words.
- With reference to the passage, explain the meaning of the expression of the ‘I had burned my boats?’ [2]
- Cite any two instances of the behaviour of the bank employees that indicate the insignificance of a deposit of fifty-six dollars. [2]
- Why do you think the people in the bank thought of the narrator as an “invalid millionaire?” [2]
- Summarise why the narrator decided ‘to bank no more’ (paragraphs 6 to 10). You are required to write the summary in the form of a connected passage in about 100 words. Failure to keep within the word limit will be penalised. [8]
