Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Explain the classification of carbohydrates with examples.
Advertisements
उत्तर
Classification of carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are classified into three broad groups in accordance with their behaviour on hydrolysis as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
- Monosaccharides: Monosaccharides are carbohydrates which do not hydrolyse further into smaller units of polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.
e.g. Glucose, fructose, ribose - Oligosaccharides: Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates which on hydrolysis yield two to ten units of monosaccharides and accordingly they are further classified as disaccharides, trisaccharides, and so on.
a. Disaccharides yield two monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Sucrose
b. Trisaccharides yield three monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Raffinose
c. Tetrasaccharides yield four monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Stachyose - Polysaccharides: Polysaccharides give very large number of monosaccharide units on complete hydrolysis.
e.g. Starch, glycogen, cellulose
संबंधित प्रश्न
Draw a neat diagram for the following:
Haworth formula of glucopyranose.
Draw a neat diagram for the following:
Haworth formula of maltose
Explain the preparation of glucose from sucrose.
Write chemical reaction for following conversions
glucose into gluconic acid
Define carbohydrates.
Draw the Haworth projection structure of the following.
α-D-(–)-Fructofuranose
Identify the given structure 'P' and 'Q'.
Which enzymes would work sequentially on potatoes consumed by an individual?
Which of the following monosaccharides is a tetrose sugar?
The reserve food material in animals is ____________.
From the following identify the materials that are made up of cellulose.
i. Plant cell wall
ii. Exoskeleton of arthropods
iii. Paper from plant pulp
iv. Cotton fibre
The number of asymmetric carbon atoms in the glucose molecule is ____________.
Monosaccharides are ______ in nature.
From the following identify the two types of glucose polymers present in starch.
Identify the CORRECT combination.
Match the columns and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Starch | a. | Animal storage molecule |
| ii. | Cellulose | b. | Plant storage molecule |
| iii. | Glycogen | c. | Heparin |
| iv. | Heteropolysaccharide | d. | Plant cell wall component |
Which carbon atoms of α- D glucopyranose and β-D-fructofuranose respectively are linked together to form glycosidic linkage in sucrose?
One mole of a carbohydrate on hydrolysis gives one mole of glucose and one mole of galactose. Identify the carbohydrate.
Which one of the following is an oligosaccharide?
Which one of the following carbohydrates is insoluble in water?
Which among the following statements is true for amylose?
Which one of the following sugar does NOT have same empirical fonnula as that of carbohydrate?
What is the number of hydroxyl groups present in lactic acid?
Which of the following statement is NOT true about saccharic acid?
On hydrolysis sucrose gives ____________.
Identify the number of oxygen atoms present in saccharic acid?
How many moles of acetic acid are obtained in the reaction when one mole glucose is treated with excess acetic anhydride?
How many optical isomers are possible for a compound having four asymmetric carbon atoms?
Which one given below is a non-reducing sugar?
The number of sp2 and sp3 hybridised carbon in fructose are respectively ____________.
Complete hydrolysis of cellulose gives ____________.
Glucose is an aldose. Which one of the following reactions is not expected with glucose?
What are reducing and non-reducing sugars?
Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Fructose
Write the structure of α-D (+) glucopyranose.
Which of the following groups contain polysaccharides?
If 'n' represents total number of asymmetric carbon atoms in a compound, then the possible· number of optical isomers of the compound is ______.
Lactose is made of ______.
Glucose on oxidation with bromine water yields gluconic acid. This reaction confirms the presence of ______.
Which carbon atoms of fructose are bonded together through oxygen forming fructofuranose?
Starch and cellulose are compounds made up of many units of ______.
Which one is a non-reducing commercial sugar?
The glycosidic linkage present in maltose is ______.
\[\ce{CH2OH-CO-(CHOH)4-CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Assign D/L configuration to the following monosaccharides:
Describe the action of the following reagent on glucose:
Bromine water
Describe the action of the following reagent on glucose:
dil. Nitric acid.
CH2 OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2 OH is an example of ______.
The linkage present in Lactose is ______.
Write the Zwitter ion structure of alanine.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Two monosaccharides are held together by ______ bond.
