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प्रश्न
Explain the classification of carbohydrates with examples.
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उत्तर
Classification of carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are classified into three broad groups in accordance with their behaviour on hydrolysis as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
- Monosaccharides: Monosaccharides are carbohydrates which do not hydrolyse further into smaller units of polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.
e.g. Glucose, fructose, ribose - Oligosaccharides: Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates which on hydrolysis yield two to ten units of monosaccharides and accordingly they are further classified as disaccharides, trisaccharides, and so on.
a. Disaccharides yield two monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Sucrose
b. Trisaccharides yield three monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Raffinose
c. Tetrasaccharides yield four monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Stachyose - Polysaccharides: Polysaccharides give very large number of monosaccharide units on complete hydrolysis.
e.g. Starch, glycogen, cellulose
संबंधित प्रश्न
\[\ce{CH2OH-CO-(CHOH)4-CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Give scientific reasons:
Hydrolysis of sucrose is called inversion.
Draw a neat diagram for the following:
Haworth formula of glucopyranose.
Glucose on oxidation with dilute nitric acid gives _______________
Write the name of the polysaccharide used for the commercial preparation of glucose.
Write the name of the unit to which glucose unit is linked to from sucrose.
Write chemical reaction for following conversions
glucose into glucoxime
What is the action of the following reagents on glucose?
acetic anhydride
What is the action of the following reagents on glucose?
hydroxylamine
What is the action of the following reagents on glucose?
hydrogen iodide
Draw the Haworth projection structure of the following.
α-D-(–)-Fructofuranose
Identify the substances having glycosidic bond and peptide bond, respectively in their structure:
Which enzymes would work sequentially on potatoes consumed by an individual?
Which of the following monosaccharides is a tetrose sugar?
Which of the following carbohydrate is sweet to taste?
Carbohydrates can contain which of the following chemical groups?
Identify the sugar having the molecular formula C6H1206.
Fructose is the fruit sugar and chemically it is ketohexose but it has a ______ rather than a ______.
By which of the following feature we can identify the relatively small DNA molecules of plasmids?
Chitin is a/an ______.
The number of asymmetric carbon atoms in the glucose molecule is ____________.
Raffinose, sucrose and stachyose are respectively ____________.
4-O-(α-D-Glucopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is ____________.
Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding glucose.
Which element among the following is not present in saccharine?
Which one of the following is NOT soluble in water?
Glucose and gluconic acid treated with dilute nitric acid forms saccharic acid. What does this indicate?
Which among the following statements is true for amylose?
How many moles of fructose and galactose respectively are obtained on hydrolysis of 1 mole stachyose?
On hydrolysis sucrose gives ____________.
What is the molecular formula of glyceraldehyde?
Which among the following observations suggests that glucose also exists in cyclic form?
Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Sucrose
Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Lactose
Is the following sugar, D-sugar or L-sugar?
Glucose on oxidation with bromine water yields gluconic acid. This reaction confirms the presence of ______.
A molecule of stachyose contains how many carbon atoms?
Which carbon atoms of fructose are bonded together through oxygen forming fructofuranose?
Starch and cellulose are compounds made up of many units of ______.
Write Fischer projection formulae for glucose.
Explain the hydrolysis of sucrose.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
The linkage present in Lactose is ______.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2 OH}\] is an example of ______.
\[\ce{CH2OH-CO-(CHOH)4-CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active?
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
Two monosaccharides are held together by ______ bond.
Given below are two statements.
Statement I - Lactose on hydrolysis converts into glucose and galactose.
Statement II - Galactose also plays same role as glucose in respiration.
In light of the above statements, select the correct option given below.
What are the number of chiral carbon atoms and the number of formyl groups, respectively, present in ribose?
