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प्रश्न
Explain the classification of carbohydrates with examples.
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उत्तर
Classification of carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are classified into three broad groups in accordance with their behaviour on hydrolysis as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
- Monosaccharides: Monosaccharides are carbohydrates which do not hydrolyse further into smaller units of polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.
e.g. Glucose, fructose, ribose - Oligosaccharides: Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates which on hydrolysis yield two to ten units of monosaccharides and accordingly they are further classified as disaccharides, trisaccharides, and so on.
a. Disaccharides yield two monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Sucrose
b. Trisaccharides yield three monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Raffinose
c. Tetrasaccharides yield four monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Stachyose - Polysaccharides: Polysaccharides give very large number of monosaccharide units on complete hydrolysis.
e.g. Starch, glycogen, cellulose
संबंधित प्रश्न
Glucose on oxidation with dilute nitric acid gives _______________
Write the name of the polysaccharide used for the commercial preparation of glucose.
Draw the structure of α-D glucopyranose.
What is the action of the following reagents on glucose?
hydroxylamine
Write a chemical reaction to convert glucose into glucose cyanohydrin.
Write a commercial method for preparation of glucose.
Which of the following type of carbohydrates cannot be hydrolyzed?
______ is the prosthetic group of glycoproteins.
The reserve food material in animals is ____________.
Identify the sugar having the molecular formula C6H1206.
Identify a non-reducing carbohydrate from the following.
Monosaccharides are ______ in nature.
Identify the CORRECT combination.
Which carbon atoms of α- D glucopyranose and β-D-fructofuranose respectively are linked together to form glycosidic linkage in sucrose?
Which among the following type of linkages is present in cellulose?
All these carbohydrates contain \[\ce{1 -> 4β}\] glycosidic linkage, EXCEPT ____________.
One mole of a carbohydrate on hydrolysis gives one mole of glucose and one mole of galactose. Identify the carbohydrate.
Which one of the following is generally applicable to polysaccharides?
Which one of the following carbohydrates is insoluble in water?
Which one of the following sugar does NOT have same empirical fonnula as that of carbohydrate?
How many moles of fructose and galactose respectively are obtained on hydrolysis of 1 mole stachyose?
Which of the following statement is NOT true about saccharic acid?
How many hydroxyl groups are present in Erythrulose?
Classify the following into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Maltose
Which carbon atoms of fructose are bonded together through oxygen forming fructofuranose?
Starch and cellulose are compounds made up of many units of ______.
\[\ce{CH2OH-CO-(CHOH)4-CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
