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प्रश्न
Explain the classification of carbohydrates with examples.
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उत्तर
Classification of carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are classified into three broad groups in accordance with their behaviour on hydrolysis as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
- Monosaccharides: Monosaccharides are carbohydrates which do not hydrolyse further into smaller units of polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.
e.g. Glucose, fructose, ribose - Oligosaccharides: Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates which on hydrolysis yield two to ten units of monosaccharides and accordingly they are further classified as disaccharides, trisaccharides, and so on.
a. Disaccharides yield two monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Sucrose
b. Trisaccharides yield three monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Raffinose
c. Tetrasaccharides yield four monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
e.g. Stachyose - Polysaccharides: Polysaccharides give very large number of monosaccharide units on complete hydrolysis.
e.g. Starch, glycogen, cellulose
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give scientific reasons:
The disaccharide sucrose gives negative Tollens test while the disaccharide maltose gives a positive Tollens test.
Give scientific reasons:
Hydrolysis of sucrose is called inversion.
Write the name of the unit to which glucose unit is linked to from sucrose.
What is the action of the following reagents on glucose?
acetic anhydride
By which of the following process formation of glycosidic bond occurs?
From the following identify an example of disaccharides.
______ is the prosthetic group of glycoproteins.
The reserve food material in animals is ____________.
Match the columns and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Starch | a. | Animal storage molecule |
| ii. | Cellulose | b. | Plant storage molecule |
| iii. | Glycogen | c. | Heparin |
| iv. | Heteropolysaccharide | d. | Plant cell wall component |
4-O-(α-D-Glucopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose is ____________.
Glucose and gluconic acid treated with dilute nitric acid forms saccharic acid. What does this indicate?
What is the quantity of glucose obtained when 68.4 g of sucrose is hydrolyzed in laboratory under ideal condition?
(Molar mass of sucrose = 342 g mol−1)
When one mole of lactose is hydrolysed, the hydrolysate contains ____________.
Which among the following observations suggests that glucose also exists in cyclic form?
Which one given below is a non-reducing sugar?
Complete hydrolysis of cellulose gives ____________.
Glucose is an aldose. Which one of the following reactions is not expected with glucose?
Which of the following are epimers?
Lactose is made of ______.
A molecule of stachyose contains how many carbon atoms?
Which carbon atoms of fructose are bonded together through oxygen forming fructofuranose?
Match the Column I with Column II and choose the correct answer from options below:
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Purine | 1. Glycogen |
| B. Pyrimidine | 2. Cellulose |
| C. Structural polysaccharide | 3. Glucagon |
| D. Storage polysaccharide | 4. Adenine |
| 5. Cytosine |
Identify the monosaccharide containing only one asymmetric carbon atom in its molecule.
Corn is immersed in boiling water. It is then cooled, and the solution becomes sweet. It is due to ______.
Consider the following reaction
\[\ce{A <-[Br2 - H2O] Glucose ->[HNO3] B}\]
Here, 'A' and 'B' are respectively.
Assign D/L configuration to the following monosaccharides:
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
Why are carbohydrates generally optically active?
Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.
