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प्रश्न
Give scientific reasons:
Hydrolysis of sucrose is called inversion.
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उत्तर
1) Sucrose (C12H22O11) is dextrorotatory (+66.5°). On hydrolysis with dilute acid or an enzyme called invertase, sucrose gives equimolar mixture of D-(+)-glucose and D-(–)-fructose.
\[\ce{\underset{\text{Sucrose}}{C12H22O11} + H2O ->[H+][\triangle]\underset{\text{D-(+)-Glucose}}{C6H12O6} + \underset{\text{D-(–)-Fructose}}{C6H12O6}}\]
2) Since the laevorotation of fructose (–92.4°) is larger than the dextrorotation of glucose (+52.7°), the hydrolysis product has net laevorotation.
Hence, hydrolysis of sucrose is also called inversion of sucrose.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Classify the following carbohydrates into monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide:
glucose, cellulose, maltose, stachyose
Explain the classification of carbohydrates with examples.
Draw the structure of the pyran.
From the following identify an example of disaccharides.
Identify the substances having glycosidic bond and peptide bond, respectively in their structure:
Match the Column I and Column II select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Monosaccharides | a. | Stored energy in animals |
| ii. | Glycogen | b. | Polymer made from ß-glucose molecules |
| iii. | Cellulose | c. | Exoskeleton of arthropods |
| iv. | Chitin | d. | Building blocks of carbohydrates |
| e. | Plant hormone |
Identify the CORRECT combination.
The general formula for polysaccharide is ____________.
Which of the following statements is NOT true for glyceraldehyde?
How many moles of fructose and galactose respectively are obtained on hydrolysis of 1 mole stachyose?
Which among the following reagents is used to confirm the presence of carbonyl group in glucose?
Identify the number of oxygen atoms present in saccharic acid?
When one mole of lactose is hydrolysed, the hydrolysate contains ____________.
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Assertion: A solution of sucrose in water is dextrorotatory. But on hydrolysis in the presence of little hydrochloric acid, it becomes levorotatory.
Reason: Sucrose hydrolysis gives equal amounts of glucose and fructose. As a result of this change in sign of rotation is observed.
Complete hydrolysis of cellulose gives ____________.
α-D (+) Glucose and β-D (+) glucose are ____________.
Which of the following groups contain polysaccharides?
The molecule of glucose is also called ______.
The two monosaccharides in a disaccharide are held together by ______ bonds.
Starch and cellulose are compounds made up of many units of ______.
Which one is a non-reducing commercial sugar?
Identify the product obtained in the following conversion.
\[\ce{Glucose ->[(O)][Br2 water] Product}\]
Describe the action of the following reagent on glucose:
dil. Nitric acid.
Carbohydrates that do not undergo hydrolysis further are called ______.
Explain the hydrolysis of sucrose.
CH2 OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2 OH is an example of ______.
\[\ce{CH2OH - CO - (CHOH)4 - CH2OH}\] is an example of ______.
