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Concept of Complex Numbers

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Estimated time: 1 minutes
  • Imaginary number
  • Complex Number
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12

Definition: Complex Numbers

z = x + iy, x, y∈ R and \[i=\sqrt{-1}\] is called a complex number. 

x ⇒ Real Part Re(z)

iy ⇒ Imaginary Part Im(z)

If Re(z) = x = 0, then the complex number z is purely imaginary.

If Im(z) =y = 0, then complex number z is purely real.

Integral powers of iota (i):

\[\mathrm{i}^2=-1\]

\[\mathrm{i}^3=-\mathrm{i}\]

\[\mathrm{i}^{4}=1\]

In general,

\[1^{4n}=1\], \[\mathrm{i^{4n+1}=i}\], \[\mathrm{i^{4n+2}=-1}\], \[\mathrm{i^{4n+3}=-i}\] ...where n ∈ N

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