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Physics Official Board Paper 2025-2026 (English Medium) ICSE Class 10 Question Paper Solution

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Physics [Official Board Paper]
Marks: 80 CISCE
(English Medium)

Academic Year: 2025-2026
Date & Time: 9th March 2026, 11:00 am
Duration: 2h
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  1. Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately.
  2. You will not be allowed to write during first 15 minutes.
  3. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper. 
  4. The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
  5. Section A is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section B.
  6. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets []

Section A (40 Marks)
Attempt all questions from this Section.
[15]1. | Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options. (Do not copy the questions, write the correct answers only.)
[1]1. (i)

For a body to be in dynamic equilibrium, its ______.

momentum should be zero.

acceleration should be zero.

kinetic energy should be zero.

velocity should be zero.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (ii)

The energy transformation taking place during photosynthesis in plants is ______.

heat to chemical

chemical to light

light to chemical

chemical to heat

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (iii)

The Velocity Ratio (VR) of a block and tackle system of two pulleys with the effort in the upward direction is ______.

1

2

3

4

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (iv)

From the figure given below, the refractive index of medium B with respect to medium A (AμB) is:

`(sin 45^circ)/(sin 30^circ)`

`(sin 30^circ)/(sin 45^circ)`

`(sin 45^circ)/(sin 60^circ)`

`(sin 60^circ)/(sin 45^circ)`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (v)

When a blackened bulb thermometer is moved beyond the red region of the visible spectrum, there is a rapid rise in the temperature. This is due to the presence of ______.

Infrared radiations

Ultraviolet radiations

X-rays

Radio waves

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (vi)

A fast-moving cyclist stops pedalling on reaching a hilly track. If he continues to move with the acquired energy, then assuming no loss of energy ______.

his kinetic energy remains constant at all times.

his potential energy remains constant at all times.

his total mechanical energy continuously increases.

his total mechanical energy remains constant.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (vii)

The distance (V) of a virtual image formed by a lens of focal length 15 cm never exceed a certain finite value, then this value will be ______.

less than 15 cm.

between 15 cm to 30 cm.

less than or equal to 30 cm

less than or equal to 15 cm.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (viii)

Assertion (A): Tiny air molecules scatter blue light more than red light.

Reason (R): The refractive index of a medium is greater for blue light than red light.

(A) is true but (R) is false.

(A) is false but (R) is true.

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (ix)

In the circuit given below, identify the lamp (L1, L2, L3 or L4) whose failure would not interrupt the power supply to the other lamps.

L1

L2

L3

L4

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (x)

Equal volumes of water are added to three cylindrical jars A, B and C of same height and radii rA, rB and rC respectively with rB < rA < rC. If you blow air into the mouth of these jars, which tube will produce the shrillest note?

A

B

C

All will produce the notes of same shrillness.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (xi)

A metallic wire is stretched in such a way that its new length becomes twice the original length. How does its specific heat capacity change?

becomes double

becomes 4 times

becomes 1/4

remains the same

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (xii)

The correct formula to calculate the equivalent resistance of two resistors R1 and R2 when connected in parallel, is ______.

`(R_1 + R_2)/(R_1 R_2)`

`(R_1 R_2)/(R_1 + R_2)`

`(R_1 - R_2)/(R_1 R_2)`

`(R_1 R_2)/(R_1 - R_2)`

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (xiii)

The diagram below shows the top view of the Wire A shown by a cross (X), carrying current into the plane of the paper. Which of the compasses is correctly aligned with the magnetic field, produced by the current carrying wire?

Only 1 is aligned.

Only 2 is aligned.

Both 1 and 2 are aligned.

Both 1 and 2 are not aligned.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (xiv)

Three substances A, B and C of same mass are present at their respective melting points. On heating, if they melt completely in 5 minutes, 7 minutes and 3 minutes respectively, then which substance has the highest specific latent heat?

(Assume heat is absorbed at the same rate)

Substance A

Substance B

Substance C

All the substances have same specific latent heat.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1. (xv)

An atom of lithium contains 3 electrons, 3 protons and 4 neutrons. Its mass number is ______.

3

4

7

10

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[6]2. (i) | Complete the following by choosing the correct answers from the options:
[1]2. (i) (a)

A car is moving in uniform circular motion. The direction of friction between the tyres and the path is ______.

towards the centre.

tangential to the path.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. (i) (b)

When a ray of light passes from a denser to a rarer medium, its wavelength ______.

decreases

increases

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[1]2. (i) (c)

The lid of a calorimeter minimises heat loss by ______.

convection

radiation

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. (i) (d)

Quality of sound depends on its ______.

amplitude

waveform

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. (i) (e)

A substance whose resistance becomes almost negligible at a temperature near absolute zero is called a ______.

semiconductor

superconductor

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2. (i) (f)

______ radiation deviates minimum in a magnetic field.

Alpha

Beta

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]2. (ii)
State the factors on which the centre of gravity of a body depends.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [1] Force
[2]2. (iii)

Case I: Lata cuts a potato into two halves, using a cutter which belongs to a Class II lever. She needed effort E1.

Case 2: Then she cuts one half of this potato again, but this time she needed effort E2. If E1 > E2 then:

  1. In which case (1st or 2nd) was the potato closer to her hand applying the effort? (Assume normal reaction of the surface of the potato is same in both cases)

  2. Give a reason for your answer in (a) above.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]3. (i)

The graph below shows the variation of image distance (v) with the object distance (u) when an object is kept in front of a lens.

  1. Identify the type of lens used.
  2. What would be the magnification (more than 1/less than 1/equal to 1) if the object is placed between F and 2F of the above lens?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]3. (ii)
A resistance R is connected across a cell with a switch and a rheostat in series. A voltmeter is connected parallel across the cell. Current in the circuit is increased using the rheostat.
  1. How will the voltmeter reading change? (increase/decrease/remain the same)
  2. Justify your answer stated in (a) above.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]3. (iii) (a)

Define natural vibrations.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]3. (iii) (b)

How is natural vibration different from damped vibrations in terms of their amplitudes?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]3. (iv)

A metal piece of thermal capacity 40 JK−1, absorbs 800 J of heat. Calculate the rise in the temperature of this metal piece.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]3. (v) (a)

In an AC generator, name the part which has the following function:

 intensifies the magnetic field.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]3. (v) (b)

In an AC generator, name the part which has the following function:

maintains electrical contact between the rotating parts and the external circuit.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]3. (vi)

Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion giving an example of each.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [12] Radioactivity
[3]3. (vii)
A monochromatic ray strikes the surface of identical prisms (A, B and C) at different angles of incidence. The diagram below shows their refracted rays. Study the path of these refracted rays and identify in which of the diagrams:
  1. the angle of incidence is maximum.
  2. the angle of incidence is minimum.
  3. the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Section B (40 Marks)
Attempt any four questions from this section.
[3]4. (i)

A ray of light enters a glass block from air and comes out from the opposite surface. If the angle of refraction at the first surface is not the same as the angle of incidence at the second surface, then:

  1. What is the product of the ratio `(sin i)/(sin r)` at the first surface and at the second surface?
  2. State whether the opposite surfaces are parallel or not parallel?
  3. How did you reach the conclusion (b) above?
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]4. (ii)

A type of glass block has a refractive index of 1.8.

  1. Calculate the speed of light in this glass.
    (Given speed of light in air 3 ×108 ms−1)
  2. If the width of this block is doubled, then what will be the speed of light in the block?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]4. (iii) (a)

Name the electromagnetic radiation used to detect fake currency.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]4. (iii) (b)

Redraw the diagram given below and complete the path of the light ray AB through the glass prism till it emerges out of the prism. Critical angle of the glass is 42°.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[3]5. (i)

An object placed in front of a convex lens, forms an image of same size on a screen. Moving the object 12 cm closer to the lens results in the formation of a real image which is three times the size of the object.

Calculate the focal length of the lens.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]5. (ii) (a)

Atmospheric temperature after a hailstorm is greater than the temperature during the hailstorm. State True or False.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]5. (ii) (b)

Which thermal physical quantity of a frying pan changes by making its base heavier?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]5. (ii) (c)

What is the principle of Calorimetry?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]5. (iii)

The given graph represents the cooling curve of a liquid.

  1. State the freezing temperature of the liquid.
  2. Name the phase change happening at the region QR.
  3. In which state (solid/liquid) does the above substance liberate heat at a faster rate? Justify.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]6. (i)

The diagram shows a wheel with a handle. Two forces, F1 and F2 of equal magnitudes are acting on the handle as shown in the diagram.

  1. Which force produces negative moment?
  2. Is the wheel in equilibrium? (Yes or No)
  3. Justify your answer stated in (b).
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[0.5]6. (ii) (a)

Name the unit of work done, used in subatomic scale.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[0.5]6. (ii) (b)

The following belong to which class of lever?

A pair of scissors

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [3] Machines
[2]6. (ii) (c)

A stone is tied to a string and displaced from A to B by application of constant force F in three different ways as shown in the diagram below. Arrange the three cases in ascending order of the work done by the force.

(Given: AJB is a semi-circle, θ < 90° and AB = 20 m)

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]6. (iii)

A ball of mass 20 g falls from a height of 45 m. It rebounds from the ground to a height of 40 m. Calculate:

  1. the initial potential energy of the ball.
  2. the speed of the ball at which it hits the ground.
  3. the loss in kinetic energy on striking the ground.

[g = 10 m/s2]

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]7. (i)

To lift a load of 30 kgf, Suhas uses a single fixed pulley, while Radha uses a single movable pulley. The displacement of efforts in both the cases are equal. In an ideal situation calculate the ratio of:

  1. the efforts in the two cases.
  2. the potential energy gained by the loads in the two cases.
  3. the efficiencies in the two cases.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]7. (ii)
  1. One end of a plastic foot ruler is held tightly at the edge of a table and the other end is plucked. Name the vibrations produced in the ruler.
  2. Now the ruler is pushed inside partially and plucked again from its free end. State with a reason whether the frequency of vibration increases or decreases.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]7. (iii) (a)

Two persons A and B are standing in front of a cliff in the same line 170 m apart as shown in the diagram. Person B fires the gun and hears the echo in 3 s. Then the person A standing in front of the person B fires the gun.

(The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s.)

  1. Calculate:
    1. the distance of the person B from the cliff.
    2. the minimum time in which B hears the gunshot fired by A.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]7. (iii) (b) | Fill in the blank.

The echo is softer (less loud) than the original sound due to the decease in ______ of the wave.

amplitude

frequency

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]8. (i)

Bulb A rated 160 W, 40 V and Bulb B rated 40 W, 40 V are connected as shown in the diagram.

  1. Calculate the ratio V1 : V2.
  2. If the bulb fuses, the current in the circuit remains the same.
    State True or False.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]8. (ii)

The reverse side of a three-pin plug with incorrect connection of wires is shown in the diagram below.

  1. Identify the fault in the above connection.
  2. Mention a risk factor involved, if the user operates the appliance without correcting it.
  3. Will the appliance function in the present situation? (Yes or No)
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]8. (iii)

In the combinations of resistors shown below, calculate:

  1. the resistance across AB when the switch S is open.
  2. the resistance across AB when the switch S is closed.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]9. (i)

An electric iron rated 1100 W, 220 V is operated for 5 hours.

Calculate:

  1. the minimum rating of the fuse required.
  2. the energy consumed in kWh.
  3. the cost of the energy consumed, if the rate is ₹ 10 per unit.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]9. (ii)

When the magnet as shown in the diagram, is moved towards the coil at a speed of 5 ms−1, the galvanometer shows a certain deflection to the right.

How will the direction and magnitude of deflection change when the coil also moves with a speed of 5 ms−1:

  1. in the direction of the motion of the magnet?
  2. in the opposite direction of the motion of the magnet?
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]9. (iii) (a)
  1. Which element is used in the lining of the special aprons worn by workers in nuclear power plants?
  2. Why is this element preferred?
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]9. (iii) (b)

\[\ce{^24_11Na}\] emits a nuclear radiation which does not alter the mass number but is deflected by a magnetic field.

  1. Name the type of nuclear radiation emitted by \[\ce{^24_11Na}\].
  2. Write the equation for this radioactive decay.
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:

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