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Question
Write the reaction of aliphatic primary amine with nitrous acid.
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Solution
Aliphatic primary amine react with nitrous acid (prepared in situ from NaNO2 and a mineral acid such as HCl) to form unstable aliphatic diazonium salts, which further produce alcohol and HCl with the evolution of N2 gas.
\[\ce{\underset{alcohol}{\underset{primary}{\underset{Aliphatic}{R - NH2}}} + \underset{acid}{\underset{Nitrous}{HNO2}} ->[NaNO2 + HCl] \underset{salt}{\underset{diazonium}{\underset{Aliphatic}{[R - \overset{+}{N2}\overset{-}{C}l]}}} ->[H2O] \underset{alcohol}{ROH} + HCl + N2 ^}\]
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