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Question
There is greater biodiversity in tropical /subtropical regions than in temperate region. Explain.
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Solution
- Speciation is generally a function of time, unlike temperate regions subjected to frequent glaciations in the past, tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years and thus, had a long evolutionary time for species diversification.
- Tropical environments, unlike temperate ones, are less seasonal, relatively more constant and predictable. Such constant environments promote niche specialisation and lead to greater species diversity.
- There is more solar energy available in the tropics, which contributes to higher productivity; this in turn might contribute indirectly to greater diversity.
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Tropical regions show greatest level of species richness because -
- Tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years, hence more time was available for species diversification.
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