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Question
Given below is a simplified diagram of the human kidney cut open longitudinally. Answer the questions that follow.
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- Define excretion.
- Why does the cortex of the kidney show a dotted appearance?
- Why does the medulla of the kidney show a striped appearance?
- Write two differences in the composition of the blood flowing through the blood vessels 'A' and 'B'.
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Solution
- The process of removal of chemical wastes (mainly nitrogenous wastes) from the body is known as 'excretion'.
- Due to both Bowman's capsule and the proximal convoluted part lying in it.
- Henle's loops and collecting ducts in the medulla of the kidneys create a striped or striated look.
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- Renal Artery: The blood vessel 'B', i.e., the renal artery, contains dirty blood.
Renal Vein: The blood vessel 'A', i.e., the renal vein, contains cleaned blood. - Renal Artery: It pours the blood into the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
Renal Vein: It pours blood into the postvena cava. Blood arteries A and B open into the medulla, not the pelvis or ureter.
- Renal Artery: The blood vessel 'B', i.e., the renal artery, contains dirty blood.
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