Question

Given below is a diagram of a human kidney, cut open longitudinally. Answer the following: 

(i) Give definition of excretion.
(ii) Name the unit of kidney.
(iii) Why does the cortex of kidney show dotted appearance?
(iv) List the functions of the kidney. 

Answer 1

(i) Separation and elimination of the metabolic nitrogenous wastes from the body is called excretion.
(ii) Nephron.
(iii) The cortex of kidney shows dotted appearance because it contains numerous complex structures called nephrons.
(iv) Formation of urine and osmoregulation are important functions of kidney.