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Question
Explain sexual reproduction in plants.
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Solution
- In sexually reproducing plants, flowers function as the reproductive organs.
- In flowers, the male organ is the stamen and the female organ is the carpel.
- Flowers which have both the male and female organs, i.e. stamens and carpels, are called bisexual flowers, whereas flowers which have either male or female organs are called unisexual.
- Male gametes, called pollen grains, are produced by stamens, and carpels produce female gametes, called ovules or egg cells, inside ovaries.
- Fertilization takes place in the ovule where the egg cell and pollen grain fuse.
- This fertilized egg cell later develops into an embryo and the entire ovule gets converted into a seed.
- Under favourable conditions, the seed germinates to give rise to a new plant.
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