Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
What is gene therapy? Illustrate using the example of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency.
Advertisements
उत्तर
Gene therapy is a genetic engineering approach that involves replacing a faulty gene with a normal, functional gene. In 1990, a 4-year-old child suffering from adenosine deaminase deficiency received the first clinical gene therapy. This enzyme is essential for the immune system to operate. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is caused by a gene abnormality in the enzyme adenosine deaminase. SCID patients lack functioning T-lymphocytes and cannot fight bacteria and other microorganisms.
Treatment of ADA deficiency using gene therapy.
To perform gene therapy, doctors take lymphocytes from the patient’s bone marrow and use a retroviral vector to introduce a normal, functional copy of the human ADA gene into those lymphocytes. The treated cells are reintroduced into the patient’s bone marrow. These cells produce lymphocytes that carry the functional ADA gene, which reactivates the victim’s immune system. However, due to their limited lifespan and inability to divide, these lymphocytes require regular replenishment with engineered cells. Modifying stem cells during the early embryonic stage can solve this difficulty.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Why do children cured by enzyme-replacement therapy adenosine deaminase deficiency need periodic treatment?
Suggest any two possible treatments that can be given to a patient exhibiting adenosine deaminase deficiency.
State the role of C-peptide in human insulin.
Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of the production of genetically modified crops.
Describe the steps that are followed during secondary treatment of sewage.
Describe the role of high temperature.
PCR proceeds in three distinct steps governed by temperature, they are in order of ____________.
Mention the number of primers required in each cycle of PCR. Write the role of primers and DNA polymerase in PCR. Name the source organism of the DNA polymerase used in PCR.
Explain how “Rosie” is different from a normal cow.
If a person thinks he is infected with HIV, due to unprotected sex, and goes for a blood test. Do you think a test such as ELISA will help? If so why? If not, why?
Explain how recombinant Insulin can be produced.
C-peptide of human insulin is ______.
Now a days it is possible to detect the mutated gene causing cancer by allowing a radioactive probe to hybridize its complimentary DNA in a clone of cells, followed by its detection using autoradiography because ______
The Adenosine deaminase deficiency results in ______.
Why is it that the line of treatment for a genetic disease is different from infectious diseases?
Discuss briefly how a probe is used in molecular diagnostics.
Who was the first patient who was given gene therapy? Why was the given treatment recurrent in nature?
How is a mature, functional insulin hormone different from its prohormone form?
A patient is suffering from ADA deficiency. Can he be cured? How?
Name the five key tools for accomplishing the tasks of recombinant DNA technology. Also mention the functions of each tool.
Eli Lilly's contribution for diabetic patients through r-DNA technology has been overwhelmingly accepted. Explain how?
In humans, somatic gene therapy was carried out to correct an immunodeficiency disease. Name this disease.
Illustrate using any one example of transgenic bacteria.
The ______ gene from Bacillus thuringiensis produces a protein that forms crystalline inclusions in bacterial spores.
What is the structural difference between proinsulin and mature, biologically active insulin?
What primary advantage do edible vaccines offer in terms of human immune response compared to traditional injected vaccines?
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID) caused by adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency arises due to which pathological mechanism?
Why is the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) preferred over conventional culture and serological methods for early disease diagnosis?
