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प्रश्न
Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
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blow-by-blow account
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morale booster
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relegated to
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political acumen
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de facto
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astute
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doctored accounts
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gave vent to
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उत्तर
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blow-by-blow account: detailed account. In the text “The Adventure” this expression occurs in the context of Gangadharpant trying to understand the outcome of the Battle of Panipat by reading a book on the topic.
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morale booster: anything that serves to increase morale or confidence. The expression occurs in the text 'Adventure' where it is told that the Marathas emerged victorious in the Battle of Panipat which increased their morale or confidence in establishing their supremacy all over the country.
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Relegated to: assigned to a lower rank or position. In the text, it is said how Dadasaheb, a Maratha Chieftain was assigned to a lower rank after the Battle of Panipat.
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political acumen: political shrewdness with keen insight. In the text 'The Adventure' the expression is used to convey how Madhavrao and Vishwasrao because of their shrewdness could expand their influence all over India.
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de facto: existing in fact whether with lawful authority or not. In the text 'Adventure' the Peshwas is regarded as de facto rulers as they kept the Mughal regime alive in Delhi.
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astute: marked by practical hardheaded intelligence. In the text “The Adventure” this word is used to convey that the Peshwas were very intelligent to recognise the importance of technological age dawning in Europe.
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doctored accounts: manipulation of accounts. This expression conveys that the Bakhars were not providing historical facts but manipulated accounts of history.
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give vent to: to express one's feelings and ideas. Professor Gaitonde expressed his ideas in the public lecture on the Battle of Panipat.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
B1. What does the poet want us to do in the following situation?
(a) While struggling ………..
(b) While making money ………
(c) While dreaming ………………
(d) While losing …………..
It's doing your job the best you can,
And being just to your fellow man;
It's making money-but holding friends,
And being true to your aims and ends.
It's figuring how and learning why,
And looking forward and thinking high;
And dreaming a little and doing much,
It's keeping always in closest touch.
With what is finest in word and deed,
It's being through, yet making speed;
It's daring blithely the field of chance,
While making labour a brave romance.
It’s going onward despite defeat
And fighting staunchly, but keeping sweet;
It's struggling on with the will to win,
But taking loss with a cheerful grin.
B2. Achieving Success
Hints given by the poet to become successful are
(a) Doing your job the best
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
B3. Poetic Device
Select the appropriate rhyme scheme for the 3rd stanza.
(1) abab
(2) aabb
(3) aaba
How did Helen display her passion for Radcliffe College?
(a) crushing/destructive (pars 1)
(b) used to (pare 2)
(c) searching (pare 4)
Read the following passage and do the activities:
A1 True or False:
Rewrite the following statements and state whether they are ‘true’ or ‘false’.
(i) Mashelkar’s mother did menial work to bring him up.
(ii) Mashelkar’s father died when he was twelve.
(iii) Mashelkar was born in a very rich family.
(iv) Tatas added much value to Mashelkar’s life.
I start with my greatest guru-my mother. I was born in a very poor family and my father died when I was six. We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work to bring me up. Two meals a day was a tough challenge. I studied under street lights and I walked barefoot until, I think, I was twelve. I remember when I passed the seventh standard and I wanted to go into the eighth standard, our poverty was such that even to secure 21 rupees for secondary school admission became a big challenge. We had to borrow from a lady, who was a housemaid in Chaupati in Mumbai. That was the tough life I had.
In fact, I remember, my passing the SSC Examination-i.e. 11th standard. Those days it used to be not 10th standard or 12th standard but 11th standard. I stood 11th among 1,35,000 but I was about to leave higher education and find a job. What helped me was the scholarship by Sir Dorab Tata Trust. It was just 60 rupees per month and would you believe that 60 rupees per month from Tatas added so much value to my life that I have been able to stand here today before you to speak to you.
I am on the Board of Tatas now and it is very interesting that the same Bombay House where I used to go to collect that 60 rupees per month now one goes and sits there like a Director on the Board of Tata Motors. The turn that these 40 years have taken is very interesting. It has all been possible because of the chance I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother. She gave me the values of my life. She was one of the noblest parents I have met in my life.
So, my greatest guru was my mother. My second guru was Principal Bhave, about whom I made a mention earlier. He taught us Physics. Because it was a poor school, I remember, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of Science.
A2 Complete:
Complete the following sentences and write:
(i) Mashelkar was inspired by his greatest guru _______
(ii) Mashelkar studied under _______
(iii) Principal Bhave taught _______
(iv) The scholarship by _______ Trust helped him in higher education.
A3 Find the meaning:
Choose the appropriate meaning of the underlined words from the given alternatives:
(i) We moved to Mumbai and my mother did menial work.
(a) skilled
(b) hard
(c) unskilled
(d) of low status
(ii) Because it was a poor school, it had to innovate to convey to the young students the message of science.
(a) do a cheap experiment
(b) introduce new things
(c) avoid
(d) try hard
(iii) I got to do higher studies at the insistence of my mother.
(a) firm saying
(b) being inspired
(c) being inspected
(d) being instigated
(iv) That was the tough life I had.
(a) difficult
(b) soft
(c) cheap
(d) simple
A4 Match:
Match the following sentences with their tags:
| 'A' | 'B' | ||
| (i) | I stood 11th among 1,35,000 |
(a) | aren’t I? |
| (ii) | I am on the Board of Tatas | (b) | didn’t we? |
| (iii) | It was a poor school | (c) | didn’t I? |
| (iv) | We moved to Mumbai | (d) | wasn’t it? |
A5 Personal Response:
“Mother is the greatest Guru.” Discuss.
Mention the odd way in which the author’s grandmother behaved just before she died.
The three stanzas depict three different phases. What are they?
Discuss in groups plays or films with a strong message of social reform that you have watched.
Explain the associations that the colour 'white' has in the story.
What does the phrase 'as if he were on needles' mean? Can you think of another phrase with a similar meaning substituting the word 'needless'?
Both Ramanand and Azam Khan seem to have very fixed views. How does Ramanand score over Azam Khan towards the end of the story?
Why do you think Paul's mother was not satisfied with the yearly birthday gift of 1,000 pounds for five years.
How, according to you, can peace and liberty be maintained in a state?
Suggest a few instances in the poem which highlight humour and irony.
How does 'A Munda song' show that the perspective of the tribal mind towards the girl child is different from that of [other ] mainstream communities?
Explain the significance of the lines ‘I tie this Ridin creeper To fasten your soul to your body.’
What, according to Ruskin, are the limitations of the good book of the hour?
What are the criteria that Ruskin feels that readers should fulfil to make themselves fit for the company of the Dead?
Many sentences and paragraphs in the excerpt begin with the word ‘And’. To what extent does this contribute to the rhetorical style of the lecture?
What do you understand of the three voices in response to the question 'What does a novel do' ?
How does the poet tossed back from ecstasy into despair?
Make a list of the preparations made for an assault on Tiger Hill.
After confirming the multidirectional assault as the best strategy the commanding officer ________________.
Answer in your own words.
In what ways is Ashangbi different from other women of her community?
Johnsy realised that her thinking was wrong.
Correct the following statement.
Johnsy was eager to recover from her illness.
Say where . . . . . . .
______ do stars shine in the daytime?
Out of all names of birds and animals given in the poem, pick out 4 names that are similar in English as well as in Hindi/Marathi or your Mother's tongue.
The ______ bees make honey from nectar.
Play the roles of an interviewer and a Great Indian Bustard and present the interview in the classroom.
State a type of drama each from any four periods of history.
An activity:
Speak fast, think faster! Form groups of 4-6. Discuss each of the following topics. Then each person in the group should choose a topic and speak about it for one minute. Try to say as many sentences as you can in that time
What is not likely to happen or will never happen...
‘It won’t rain in the classroom... I won’t ever see a live dinosaur... The sun will never set in the east...’ etc.
Guess the meaning of the following word:
exorbitantly
Write the smaller and related words that you see within this word.
Many changes had occurred on the earth in the hundred years before Sayali’s trip to the moon.
Present these points in the form of a review, and give it a suitable title.
Read the following from the Language Study pages:
- adjective clause
- adverb clause
- noun clause
Find one example of each from the passages. (Note the linking word when you do that.)
The story has a very heart-warming and touching end. Now try to change the end of the story to make it sound very funny.
Do you know of similar stories in your mother tongue or in other languages? Narrate it in short.
An announcement can be made in every class, orally. Or, it can be put up on the school notice-board. Discuss and decide what method should be used for the announcement given here.
Oral aanouncement
Read the word. Write the words that combine to make it.
snowwhite
Do you think that the young seagull’s parents were harsh to him? Why?
Identify the character or speaker.
He was the chief of all spirits.
How was Gonzalo helpful to Prospero when he left Milan?
Who were the narrator neighbours?
Why do you think Mrs. Bodwell wanted to sell the house?
What game did Anne choose to play?
What are the disadvantages of speaking harshly?
What did mother ask Raj to buy?
Why does the child clamber and scramble?
The horses were four and a half inches tall.
Work in pair, find answer for the question and share in the class.
Which word refers to ‘rain’?.
Match the planet with its feature.
| 1. | Mars | blue ice giant |
| 2. | Saturn | red storm |
| 3. | Jupiter | red planet |
| 4. | Neptune | ring and moons |
Jaswant was helped by __________ tribal girls.
Read scene I of the play carefully and answer the questions below.
Tabaqui acts as ______ to the pack of wolves.
Identify the character or the speaker.
“Do not feel sad dear.”
The tank in Divya’s village was almost ______.
What did Rani want to become?
In which season is ice cream popular?
Name the animal and sound it makes.
We ______ yarn to make sarees.
Do we worry when the progress is slow?
Here is an amazing news item on how the qualities of duty and devotion is not restricted to humans alone but shared by animals. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
Caesar, the Hero of Mumbai on 26/11
- Mumbai: Caesar, the last surviving hero of his kind, died of a heart attack on Thursday. Caesar, a Labrador Retriever, was covered with tri-color and given an emotional farewell from the city Police Force. The Mumbai Police Commissioner too marked the passing of the hero with a tweet.
- Caesar, who was 11 years old was the sole survivor among the dogs of Mumbai Police who took part in bomb detection operations during the terrorist attack on Mumbai that began on November 26, 2008. He died of a heart attack at a farm in Virar where he and his three canine buddies had been sent after retirement. During the terror attack in Mumbai, Caesar saved several lives when he sniffed out the hand grenades left by the terrorists at the busy CST railway station.
- Caesar was also a part of the search team at Nariman House, where terrorists were holed up for three days. Earlier he was also pressed into service for bomb search operation after the 2006 serial train blasts and July 2017 blast in Mumbai. The Mumbai police officials also tweeted their grief saying, “Services of retired members of Dog Squad during 26/11 will be unforgettable. We will remember our heroes forever.”
Answer the following questions.
- The Labrador Retriever was covered with tri-color. What does this signify?
- How did Caesar save several lives at the CST railway station?
- Which word in the third paragraph of the passage means the same as ‘forced’?
- “Services of retired members of Dog Squad during 26/11 will be unforgettable”. Mention three services rendered by Caesar.
- Caesar is a Labrador breed of dogs. Name a few other native breeds that are used by the Police Force.
- Try to rewrite the news item in your mother tongue without losing the spirit and flavour of the text. Give a suitable title to the translated version.
