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प्रश्न
Notice these expressions in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
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blow-by-blow account
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morale booster
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relegated to
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political acumen
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de facto
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astute
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doctored accounts
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gave vent to
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उत्तर
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blow-by-blow account: detailed account. In the text “The Adventure” this expression occurs in the context of Gangadharpant trying to understand the outcome of the Battle of Panipat by reading a book on the topic.
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morale booster: anything that serves to increase morale or confidence. The expression occurs in the text 'Adventure' where it is told that the Marathas emerged victorious in the Battle of Panipat which increased their morale or confidence in establishing their supremacy all over the country.
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Relegated to: assigned to a lower rank or position. In the text, it is said how Dadasaheb, a Maratha Chieftain was assigned to a lower rank after the Battle of Panipat.
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political acumen: political shrewdness with keen insight. In the text 'The Adventure' the expression is used to convey how Madhavrao and Vishwasrao because of their shrewdness could expand their influence all over India.
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de facto: existing in fact whether with lawful authority or not. In the text 'Adventure' the Peshwas is regarded as de facto rulers as they kept the Mughal regime alive in Delhi.
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astute: marked by practical hardheaded intelligence. In the text “The Adventure” this word is used to convey that the Peshwas were very intelligent to recognise the importance of technological age dawning in Europe.
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doctored accounts: manipulation of accounts. This expression conveys that the Bakhars were not providing historical facts but manipulated accounts of history.
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give vent to: to express one's feelings and ideas. Professor Gaitonde expressed his ideas in the public lecture on the Battle of Panipat.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
We sang our school fight song dozens of times – en route to Arlington National cemetery, and even on an afternoon cruise down the Potomac River. We visited the Lincoln Memorial twice, once in day – light, the second time at dusk. My classmates and I fell silent as we walked in the shadows of those 36 marble columns, one for every state in the Union that Lincoln laboured to preserve. I stood next to Frank at the base of the 19 foot seated statue. Spotlights made the white Georgian marble seem to glow. Together we read famous words from Lincoln’s speech at Gettysburg remembering the most bloody battle in the war between the status : “………….we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom………..”
As Frank motioned me into place to take my picture, I took one last look at Lincoln’s face. He seemed alive and so terribly sad.
The next morning I understand a little better why he wasn’t smiling. “Clifton,” a chaperone said, “could I see you for a moment?”
(1) When did the boys visit Lincoln Memorial?
(2) What made the Georgian marble glow?
(3) What did the words: “………. We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain – that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom …………” remind them?
(4) Do you believe in building memorials? What kind should they be, if your answer is ‘yes’? If no, give reasons why you do not believe in memorials?
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
1. Air pollution is an issue which concerns us all alike. One can willingly choose or reject a food, a drink or a life comfort, but unfortunately there is little choice for the air we breathe. All, what is there in the air is inhaled by one and all living in those surroundings.
2. Air pollutant is defined as a substance which is present while normally it is not there or present in an amount exceeding the normal concentrations. It could either be gaseous or a particulate matter. The important and harmful polluting gases are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone and oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The common particulate pollutants are the dusts of various inorganic or organic origins. Although we often talk of the outdoor air pollutions caused by industrial and vehicular exhausts, the indoor pollution may prove to be as or a more important cause of health problems.
3. Recognition of air pollution is relatively recent. It is not uncommon to experience a feeling of 'suffocation' in a closed environment. It is often ascribed to the lack of oxygen. Fortunately, however, the composition of air is remarkably constant all over the world. There is about 79 per cent nitrogen and 21 per cent oxygen in the air − the other gases forming a very small fraction. It is true that carbon dioxide exhaled out of lungs may accumulate in a closed and over-crowded place. But such an increase is usually small and temporary unless the room is really air-tight. Exposure to poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide may occur in a closed room, heated by burning coal inside. This may also prove to be fatal.
4. What is more common in a poorly ventilated home is a vague constellation of symptoms described as the sick-building syndrome. It is characterized by a general feeling of malaise, head-ache, dizziness and irritation of mucous membranes. It may also be accompanied by nausea, itching, aches, pains and depression. Sick building syndrome is getting commoner in big cities with the small houses, which are generally over-furnished. Some of the important pollutants whose indoor concentrations exceed those of the outdoors include gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and organic substances like spores, formaldehydes, hydrocarbon aerosols and allergens. The sources are attributed to a variety of construction materials, insulations, furnishings, adhesives, cosmetics, house dusts, fungi and other indoor products.
5. By-products of fuel combustion are important in houses with indoor kitchens. It is not only the brining of dried dung and fuelwood which is responsible, but also kerosene and liquid petroleum gas. Oxides of both nitrogen and sulphur are released from their combustion.
6. Smoking of tobacco in the closed environment is an important source of indoor pollution. It may not be high quantitatively, but significantly hazardous for health. It is because of the fact that there are over 3000 chemical constituents in tobacco smoke, which have been identified. These are harmful for human health.
7. Micro-organisms and allergens are of special significance in the causation and spread of diseases. Most of the infective illnesses may involve more persons of a family living in common indoor environment. These include viral and bacterial diseases like tuberculosis.
8. Besides infections, allergic and hypersensitivity disorders are spreading fast. Although asthma is the most common form of respiratory allergic disorders, pneumonias are not uncommon, but more persistent and serious. These are attributed to exposures to allergens from various fungi, molds, hay and other organic materials. Indoor air ventilation systems, coolers, air-conditioners, dampness, decay, pet animals, production or handling of the causative items are responsible for these hypersensitivity − diseases.
9. Obviously, the spectrum of pollution is very wide and our options are limited. Indoor pollution may be handled relatively easily by an individual. Moreover, the good work must start from one’s own house
(Extracted from the Tribune)
(a) (i) What is an air pollutant? (1)
(ii) In what forms are the air pollutants present? (2)
(iii) Why do we feel suffocated in a closed environment? (1)
(iv) What is sick building syndrome? How is it increasing? (2)
(v) How is indoor smoking very hazardous? (1)
(vi) How can one overcome the dangers of indoor air pollution? (2)
(b) Find the words from the above passage which mean the same as the following: (3)
(i) giddiness (para 4)
(ii) constant (para 8)
(iii) humidity (para 8)
Answer any three of the following in 30-40 words each:
(a) Why has the poet’s mother been compared to the ‘late winter’s moon’?
(b) The poet says, ‘And yet, for these Children, these windows, not this map, their world.’ Which world do these children belong to? Which world is inaccessible to them?
(c) What was the plea of the folk who had put up the roadside stand?
(d) What will happen to Aunt Jennifer’s tigers when she is dead?
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
Far far from gusty waves these children's faces.
Like rootless weeds, the hair torn round their pallor;
The tall girl with her weighed-down head.
(a) Who are these children?
(b) Which figure of speech has been used in the first two lines?
(c) Why is the tall girl's head weighed down?
(d) What does the word, 'pallor' mean?
Orangutans use big leaves during a downpour because
The black kite may start a fire because
Divide the class into 5 groups. Each group can prepare a decorative chart/poster using an epigrammatic line from the poem. You may use calligraphy/painting/or Paint program on a computer. (With permission, put up these charts in your school.)
Write the Rhyming word and Scheme of the 2nd stanza.
“Old man,” said a fellow pilgrim near,
“Why waste your time in building here?
Your journey ends with the close of the day You never again will pass this way.
You have crossed the chasm deep and wide Why build ye here at even tide?”
The best punishment is ‘forgiveness’. Discuss the sentence in light of the text you have read. You can make use of the following points.
(a) Forgiveness provides an opportunity to change the behaviour.
(b) Forgiveness leads to repentance.
(c) A person may commit a mistake/crime impulsively or under the force of strong emotions.
(d) ________________________
(e) ________________________
There are different types of short stories. Use a dictionary/internet and find out what each of the following types refers to.
- fable:
- anecdote:
- fairy tale:
- parable:
- tragedy:
- humorous story:
- detective story:
- myth:
'It all builds on the charm of the 1967 film, which by itself is a must-watch for any child.'
Explain this sentence in the context of the movie, focusing on the two given phrases- 'Charm of the 1967 film' and 'must-watch'.
Form groups and discuss the following question:
Why are the clothes compared to living things?
Give reasons :
Oberon and Titania fight for the custody of the Indian boy because - Titania wants ______________________.
What do the following words in the poem mean?
- crown
- round
- draw
- blind
Do these words have other meanings? List them.
Write a recipe for the stone soup.
Who erected the first known veterinary hospitals in the world?
Complete the following using your own idea:
His head was too big to ______.
Write a conversation between a donkey and a dog.
Antonio had gone on a long voyage.
An activity:
Speak fast, think faster! Form groups of 4-6. Discuss each of the following topics. Then each person in the group should choose a topic and speak about it for one minute. Try to say as many sentences as you can in that time
What is not likely to happen or will never happen...
‘It won’t rain in the classroom... I won’t ever see a live dinosaur... The sun will never set in the east...’ etc.
Prepare similar word chains using the following ideas.
waterbody - pool ____________.
Complete the following diagram.
Using the following points frame a character sketch of the narrator. Support each character trait with instances from the lesson.
- Diffident and timid
- Unusual behavior
- Ignorant about banking
- Nervous and careless
- Economical.
Find the meaning of the following word.
abused
Why did Marouckla’s stepmother hate her?
Enact the play.
What did the Judge tell Ahmad?
Answer the following question in about 80 – 100 word.
Describe the journey of life as depicted in the poem by Henry Van Dyke.
The second human being that Miranda saw on the island was __________________.
Write the name of the toys against each picture.
Find a sentence/word from the text which express the following.
Words related to prize.
The wind hurried and passed through the ______
Usha took shelter in the ______.
Match the following.
| 1. | A man of ease | Emanuel |
| 2. | John’s trainer | Lalli and Lolly |
| 3. | Mathew’s secretary | John Mathew |
| 4. | John’s chef | Louise |
| 5. | Mathew’s friends | Basky |
Describe the elephant driver in your own words.
When the author returned from England to Dehradun, he found Grandfather's dream had come true because the______.
What does the phrase ‘presence of mind’ mean? Explain the phrase using Muthu’s action.
The people were making all kinds of sounds because ______.
The horses were four and a half inches tall.
What is the setting of the story?
The blue lights seen through the window were aliens.
Choose the odd one out.
Choose the odd one out.
Look at the picture and Choose the correct word.
Write the rhyming word.
Nature - ______.
Did they find a new country?
Three waves hit the village.
All the animals called the sparrow ______.
Where do the moles save their food?
What are the difficulties they faced in India?
Who made the tree become a monster?
Fill in the blank
The merchant paid______ to the boatman.
What does she paint?
Match the rhyming words.
| strokes | floor |
| shore | rush |
| brush | chokes |
Work or play, let us______.
Why did everyone support Megala?
What sort of a boy is described in the poem?
Who said – “Oh, my ears and whiskers? How late it’s getting!”
How can we identify insecure websites?
