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प्रश्न
In which way have microbes played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria?
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उत्तर १
Several microorganisms are used for preparing medicines. Antibiotics are medicines produced by certain micro-organisms to kill other disease-causing microorganisms. These medicines are commonly obtained from bacteria and fungi. They either kill or stop the growth of disease-causing micro-organisms. Streptomycin, tetracycline, and penicillin are common antibiotics. Penicillium notatum produces the chemical penicillin, which checks the growth of staphylococci bacteria in the body. Antibiotics are designed to destroy bacteria by weakening their cell walls. As a result of this weakening, specific immune cells, such as the white blood cells, enter the bacterial cell and cause cell lysis. Cell lysis is the process of destroying cells such as blood cells and bacteria.
उत्तर २
Microbes have played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria, mainly by producing antibiotics that kill or inhibit these bacteria and also by acting as biocontrol agents to manage microbial pathogens.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Name any two species of fungus, which are used in the production of the antibiotics.
Find out the name of the microbes from which cyclosporin A (an immunosuppressive drug) and statins (blood cholesterol lowering agents) are obtained.
Answer the following question based on Meselson and Stahl's experiment on E. coli :
Write the name of the chemical substance used as the only source of nitrogen in the experiment.
Ethanol is commercially produced through a particular species of ______.
Name the enzyme produced by Streptococcus bacterium? Explain its importance in medical Science?
Give any two bioactive molecules produced by microbes and state their uses.
Identify the product that is produced on large scale using tubular tower fermenter.
Which of the following is known as brewer's yeast?
Which of the following involves the distillation process?
Which of the following is/are the microbial source(s) for the enzyme pectinase?
Study the following statements and select the correct option.
i. Pseudomonas denitrificans can synthesize Vitamin B12.
ii. The microbes Neurospora gossypii and Eremothecium ashbyi produce Vitamin B2.
iii. Vitamin C can be synthesized by the microbe Rhizopus arrhizus.
The causal organism of foolish seedling disease in rice is ____________.
Which raw material is used in the fermentation processes of making beer?
Match the following list of bacteria and their commercially important products:
| Bacterium | Product |
| A. Aspergillus niger | i. Lactic acid |
| B. Acetobacter aceti | ii. Butyric acid |
| C. Clostridium butylicum | iii. Acetic acid |
| D. Lactobacillus | iv. Citric acid |
Choose the correct match:
Name the drug a patient who has undergone a successful organ transplant, has to take all his/her life.
Which one of the following is not true about antibiotics?
Which among the three is produced by the distillation of a fermented broth?
- Whisky
- Wines
- Beer
- Rum
- Brandy
Given below are the list of the commercially important products and their source organisms. Select the option that gives the correct matches.
| List A | List B | ||
| S. No. | Bioactive Products | S. No. |
Microbes (Source Organism) |
| (A) | Cyclosporin - A | (i) | Streptococcus |
| (B) | Statins | (ii) | Trichoderma polysporum |
| (C) | Streptokinase | (iii) | Penicillium notatum |
| (D) | Penicillin | (iv) | Monascus purpureus |
Write the microbial source of following organic acid:
Fumaric acid
Name the microbial sources of any two enzymes.
Name the microbial sources of any two vitamins.
Give the name of microbial source of antibiotic chloromycetin.
Which of the following alcoholic beverages is produced without distillation?
Which microbe is used for the commercial production of fumaric acid?
What is the microbial source of butyric acid?
Which microbial source produces lipases used in detergent formulations to remove oily stains from laundry?
Which microbe is utilized in recombinant DNA technology to commercially produce human insulin (humulin)?
Which antibiotic is produced by Streptomyces venezuelae?
Which bacterium is used for microbial fermentation to produce lysine as an animal feed supplement?
