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प्रश्न
In which way have microbes played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria?
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उत्तर १
Several microorganisms are used for preparing medicines. Antibiotics are medicines produced by certain micro-organisms to kill other disease-causing microorganisms. These medicines are commonly obtained from bacteria and fungi. They either kill or stop the growth of disease-causing micro-organisms. Streptomycin, tetracycline, and penicillin are common antibiotics. Penicillium notatum produces the chemical penicillin, which checks the growth of staphylococci bacteria in the body. Antibiotics are designed to destroy bacteria by weakening their cell walls. As a result of this weakening, specific immune cells, such as the white blood cells, enter the bacterial cell and cause cell lysis. Cell lysis is the process of destroying cells such as blood cells and bacteria.
उत्तर २
Microbes have played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria, mainly by producing antibiotics that kill or inhibit these bacteria and also by acting as biocontrol agents to manage microbial pathogens.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Why are the fruit juices bought from market clearer as compared to those made at home?
Name any two species of fungus, which are used in the production of the antibiotics.
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Write in brief about the Biogas production process.
What is the main function of a fermenter?
Match the column A with B and rewrite correct pairs.
| A | B | ||
| 1. | citric acid | a) | in medicine for solubility of Ca++ |
| 2. | fumaric acid | b) | confectionary |
| 3. | gluconic acid | c) | in resins as wetting agents |
Cyclosporin - A is an immunosuppressive drug produced from ____________.
Define the following term
Antibiotics
Identify the product that is produced on large scale using tubular tower fermenter.
Identify the organism used in the production of erythromycin.
Which of the following microbe is used for the production of citric acid?
Which of the following is/are used for production of beverages like wine, beer, whiskey, brandy or rum?
What is the role of acidogenic bacteria in biogas plant?
Which of the following involves the distillation process?
From the following identify the WRONG statements.
i. All enzymes are composed of proteins.
ii. All proteins are enzymes.
iii. Some hormones are proteins.
iv. Some nucleic acid also acts as enzymes.
v. All enzymes are inorganic in nature.
vi. Enzymes are biocatalysts.
Match Column I (Antibiotic) with Column II (Microbial Sources) and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Chloromycetin | a. | Streptomyces erytreus |
| ii. | Erythromycin | b. | Streptomyces venezuelae |
| iii. | Bacitracin | c. | Streptomyces aureofaciens |
| iv. | Terramycin | d. | bacillus licheniformis |
Match the following product in column - I with their ource in column - II. Select the correct option.
| Column - I | Column - II | ||
| (a) | Gluconic acid | (i) | Trichoderma koenigii |
| (b) | Vitamin B12 | (ii) | Streptomyces erythreus |
| (c) | Erythromycin | (iii) | Pseudomonas denitrificans |
| (d) | Cellulase | (iv) | Aspergillus niger |
What are fermentors?
Write the most important characteristic that Aspergillus niger, Clostridium butylicum, and Lactobacillus share.
Name an immune immunosupressive agent?
What is a broad spectrum antibiotic? Name one such antibiotic.
Match the following products with their microbial sources:
| Products | Microbial Sources | ||
| (a) | Vitamin B2 | (1) | Rhizopus arrhizus |
| (b) | Fumaric acid | (2) | Candida lipolytica |
| (c) | Vitamin B12 | (3) | Trichoderma konigii |
| (d) | Lipase | (4) | Neurospora gossypii |
| (e) | Cellulase | (5) | Pseudomonas denitrificans |
| (f) | Citric Acid | (6) | Aspergillus niger |
State the most important contribution of the following microbes for human welfare:
Monascus purpureus
Match the following pairs:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| Antibiotic produced | Microbial source | ||
| (i) | Penicillin | (a) | Streptomyces venezuelae |
| (ii) | Chloromycetin | (b) | Bacillus licheniformis |
| (iii) | Bacitracin | (c) | Streptomyces aurifaciens |
| (iv) | Erythromycin | (d) | Streptomyces griseus |
| (v) | Streptomycin | (e) | Penicillium chrysogenum |
| (vi) | Terramycin | (f) | Streptomyces erythreus |
Gluconic acid is manufactured with the help of ______.
Write the microbial source of following organic acid:
Fumaric acid
Name the microbial sources of any two enzymes.
