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प्रश्न
In which way have microbes played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria?
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उत्तर १
Several microorganisms are used for preparing medicines. Antibiotics are medicines produced by certain micro-organisms to kill other disease-causing microorganisms. These medicines are commonly obtained from bacteria and fungi. They either kill or stop the growth of disease-causing micro-organisms. Streptomycin, tetracycline, and penicillin are common antibiotics. Penicillium notatum produces the chemical penicillin, which checks the growth of staphylococci bacteria in the body. Antibiotics are designed to destroy bacteria by weakening their cell walls. As a result of this weakening, specific immune cells, such as the white blood cells, enter the bacterial cell and cause cell lysis. Cell lysis is the process of destroying cells such as blood cells and bacteria.
उत्तर २
Microbes have played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria, mainly by producing antibiotics that kill or inhibit these bacteria and also by acting as biocontrol agents to manage microbial pathogens.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Sketch and label 'tubular tower fermenter'.
Name any two antibiotics with their microbial source.
The micro-organism used in the production of acetic acid is ______.
Give the microbial source of Vit. B12
Give the biological name of the following:
The mould from which penicillin is obtained.
Name the microbes that help the production of the following product commercially:
Statin
What is the microbial source of vitamin B12?
Aspergillus niger is used to prepare vit ______.
The most common substrate used in distilleries for the production of ethanol is _______.
When does antibiotic resistance develop?
Which of the following is known as brewer's yeast?
Which of the following is/are the microbial source(s) for the enzyme pectinase?
Match Column I (Antibiotic) with Column II (Microbial Sources) and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Chloromycetin | a. | Streptomyces erytreus |
| ii. | Erythromycin | b. | Streptomyces venezuelae |
| iii. | Bacitracin | c. | Streptomyces aureofaciens |
| iv. | Terramycin | d. | bacillus licheniformis |
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
Identify the equipment which is essentially required for growing microbes on a large scale, for industrial production of enzymes.
Match the following product in column - I with their ource in column - II. Select the correct option.
| Column - I | Column - II | ||
| (a) | Gluconic acid | (i) | Trichoderma koenigii |
| (b) | Vitamin B12 | (ii) | Streptomyces erythreus |
| (c) | Erythromycin | (iii) | Pseudomonas denitrificans |
| (d) | Cellulase | (iv) | Aspergillus niger |
Anaerobic respiration of yeast produces:
Match the following list of bioactive substances and their roles:
| Bioactive Substance | Role |
| A. Statin | I. Removal of oil stains |
| B. Cyclosporin A | II. Removal of clots from blood vessels |
| C. Streptokinase | iii. Lowering of blood cholesterol |
| D. Lipase | iv. Immuno-suppressive agent |
Choose the correct match:
What are fermentors?
Name a microbe used for statin production.
How has the discovery of antibiotics helped mankind in the field of medicine?
Name any two industrially important enzymes.
How was penicillin discovered?
How do bioactive molecules of fungal origin help in restoring good health of humans?
State the most important contribution of the following microbes for human welfare:
Trichoderma Polysporum
Which of the following is a commercial blood cholestrol lowering agent?
Given below are the list of the commercially important products and their source organisms. Select the option that gives the correct matches.
| List A | List B | ||
| S. No. | Bioactive Products | S. No. |
Microbes (Source Organism) |
| (A) | Cyclosporin - A | (i) | Streptococcus |
| (B) | Statins | (ii) | Trichoderma polysporum |
| (C) | Streptokinase | (iii) | Penicillium notatum |
| (D) | Penicillin | (iv) | Monascus purpureus |
Write the microbial source of following organic acid.
Citric acid
Write the microbial source of following organic acid:
Fumaric acid
Why are some molecules called bioactive molecules?
