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प्रश्न
In which way have microbes played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria?
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उत्तर १
Several microorganisms are used for preparing medicines. Antibiotics are medicines produced by certain micro-organisms to kill other disease-causing microorganisms. These medicines are commonly obtained from bacteria and fungi. They either kill or stop the growth of disease-causing micro-organisms. Streptomycin, tetracycline, and penicillin are common antibiotics. Penicillium notatum produces the chemical penicillin, which checks the growth of staphylococci bacteria in the body. Antibiotics are designed to destroy bacteria by weakening their cell walls. As a result of this weakening, specific immune cells, such as the white blood cells, enter the bacterial cell and cause cell lysis. Cell lysis is the process of destroying cells such as blood cells and bacteria.
उत्तर २
Microbes have played a major role in controlling diseases caused by harmful bacteria, mainly by producing antibiotics that kill or inhibit these bacteria and also by acting as biocontrol agents to manage microbial pathogens.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Name any two species of fungus, which are used in the production of the antibiotics.
The antibiotic chloromycetin is obtained from ______.
Name the microbes that help the production of the following product commercially:
Penicillin
MOET technique is used for _____________.
Aspergillus niger is used to prepare vit ______.
The most common substrate used in distilleries for the production of ethanol is _______.
Define the following term
Antibiotics
Identify the organism used in the production of erythromycin.
Which of the following is known as brewer's yeast?
Which of the following is/are the microbial source(s) for the enzyme pectinase?
From the following identify the WRONG statements.
i. All enzymes are composed of proteins.
ii. All proteins are enzymes.
iii. Some hormones are proteins.
iv. Some nucleic acid also acts as enzymes.
v. All enzymes are inorganic in nature.
vi. Enzymes are biocatalysts.
Match Column I (Antibiotic) with Column II (Microbial Sources) and select the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Chloromycetin | a. | Streptomyces erytreus |
| ii. | Erythromycin | b. | Streptomyces venezuelae |
| iii. | Bacitracin | c. | Streptomyces aureofaciens |
| iv. | Terramycin | d. | bacillus licheniformis |
Study the following statements and select the correct option.
i. Pseudomonas denitrificans can synthesize Vitamin B12.
ii. The microbes Neurospora gossypii and Eremothecium ashbyi produce Vitamin B2.
iii. Vitamin C can be synthesized by the microbe Rhizopus arrhizus.
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
Match Column I (Product) and Column II (Source organisms/Organisms used in production) and choose the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Vitamin C | a. | S. cerevisiae |
| ii. | Beer | b. | A. niger |
| iii. | Chloromycetin | c. | Sclerotiana libertine |
| iv. | Pectinase | d. | S. venezuelae |
Which of the following microbe is used for producing Vitamin B12 on industrial scale?
Which one of the following processes involved in alcohol production is NOT involved in wine production?
Match the enzyme in column l with its microbial source in column ll and select the correct alternative.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (i) | lnvertase | (a) | Rhizopus sp |
| (ii) | Pectinase | (b) | Saccharonmyces cerevisiae |
| (iii) | Lipase | (C) | Trichoderma konigi |
| (iv) | Cellulase | (d) | Sclerotiana libertine |
In alcoholic fermentation:
Which raw material is used in the fermentation processes of making beer?
What are fermentors?
Name a microbe used for statin production.
What is a broad spectrum antibiotic? Name one such antibiotic.
Name the drug a patient who has undergone a successful organ transplant, has to take all his/her life.
Gluconic acid is manufactured with the help of ______.
Write the microbial source of following organic acid:
Acetic acid
What are A, B and C in the table given below?
| Sr. No. | Microbes type | Name | Commercial product |
| 1. | Fungus | A | Penicillin |
| 2. | B | Aspergillus niger | Citric acid |
| 3. | Bacterium | Bacterium licheniformis | C |
Mention the respective source and state the specific use of any two bioactive molecules.
