मराठी

Angle Between the Planes

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Topics

Estimated time: 6 minutes
  • Angle between two planes
  • Angle between a line and a plane
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12

Formula: Angle between Two Planes

Vector Form:

\[\cos\theta=\left|\frac{\overline{\mathbf{n₁}}.\overline{\mathbf{n₂}}}{\left|\overline{\mathbf{n₁}}\right|.\left|\overline{\mathbf{n₂}}\right|}\right|\]

Cartesian Form:

\[\cos\theta=\left|\frac{\mathrm{a}_{1}\mathrm{a}_{2}+\mathrm{b}_{1}\mathrm{b}_{2}+\mathrm{c}_{1}\mathrm{c}_{2}}{\sqrt{\mathrm{a}_{1}^{2}+\mathrm{b}_{1}^{2}+\mathrm{c}_{1}^{2}}\sqrt{\mathrm{a}_{2}^{2}+\mathrm{b}_{2}^{2}+\mathrm{c}_{2}^{2}}}\right|\]

Maharashtra State Board: Class 12

Formula: Angle between Line and Plane

Vector Form:

\[\sin\theta=\left|\frac{\overline{\mathbf{b}}.\overline{\mathbf{n}}}{\left|\overline{\mathbf{b}}\right|.\left|\overline{\mathbf{n}}\right|}\right|\]

Cartesian Form:

\[\mathrm{sin}\theta=\frac{\mathrm{aa}_{1}+\mathrm{bb}_{1}+\mathrm{cc}_{1}}{\sqrt{\mathrm{a}^{2}+\mathrm{b}^{2}+\mathrm{c}^{2}}\sqrt{\mathrm{a}_{1}^{2}+\mathrm{b}_{1}^{2}+\mathrm{c}_{1}^{2}}}\]

Maharashtra State Board: Class 12

Key Points: Condition for Parallelism and Perpendicularity

Condition for Perpendicularity:

\[\overline{\mathbf{b}}=\lambda\overline{\mathbf{n}}\], λ is a parameter

\[\frac{\mathbf{a}_{1}}{\mathbf{a}}=\frac{\mathbf{b}_{1}}{\mathbf{b}}=\frac{\mathbf{c}_{1}}{\mathbf{c}}\]

Condition for Parallelism:

The line is parallel to the plane, if

\[\overline{\mathbf{b}}.\overline{\mathbf{n}}=0\]

aa₁ + bb₁ + cc₁ = 0

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