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प्रश्न
Write a note on free expansion.
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उत्तर
- Free expansions are adiabatic expansions thus there is no exchange of heat between a system and its environment.
- Also, there is no work done on the system or by the system. Q = W = 0, and according to the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = 0.
- For example, when a balloon is ruptured suddenly, or a tire is suddenly punctured, the air inside rushes out rapidly but there is no displacement of a piston or any other surface.
- A free expansion is different than other thermodynamic processes because it is an uncontrolled change. It is an instantaneous change and the system is not in thermodynamic equilibrium.
- A free expansion cannot be plotted on a p-V diagram. Only it's initial and the final state can be plotted.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Answer in brief.
Why should a Carnot cycle have two isothermal two adiabatic processes?
For work done to be reversible, the process should be ______
What is a thermodynamic process?
Draw a p-V diagram of the reversible process.
Draw a p-V diagram of the irreversible process.
Draw a p-V diagram showing negative work with varying pressure.
State the assumptions made for thermodynamic processes.
Explain graphically (i) positive work with varying pressure, (ii) negative work with varying pressure, and (iii) positive work at constant pressure.
Explain thermodynamics of the adiabatic process.
Apply first law for an isothermal process.
Apply first law for an isobaric process.
What is a cyclic process?
Can the given heat energy be completely converted to work in a cyclic process? If not, when can the heat can completely converted to work?
Explain in detail the isothermal process.
Derive the work done in an isothermal process.
What are the limitations of the first law of thermodynamics?
In an adiabatic expansion of the air, the volume is increased by 4%, what is the percentage change in pressure? (For air γ = 1.4)
An ideal gas is taken in a cyclic process as shown in the figure. Calculate
- work done by the gas
- work done on the gas
- Net work done in the process
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`("ratio of specific heats" = 5/3)`
Among the amount of heat absorbed and the amount of work done by a system, ______
An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from volume V1 to volume V2 and then compressed adiabatically to original volume V1. If the initial pressure is P1, the final pressure is P3 and net work done is W, then ____________.
One mole of an ideal gas with `gamma` = 1.4 is adiabatically compressed so that its temperature rises from 27° C to 47° C. The change in the internal energy of the gas is (R = 8.3 J/mol.K) ____________.
Assertion: Equal volumes of monatomic and polyatomic gases are adiabatically compressed separately to equal compression ratio `("P"_2/"P"_1)`. Then monatomic gas will have greater final volume.
Reason: Among ideal gases, molecules of a monatomic gas have the smallest number of degrees of freedom.
The work done on the system in changing the state of a gas adiabatically from equilibrium state A to equilibrium state B is 22.4 J. If the gas is taken from state A to B through another process in which the net heat absorbed by the system is 15.5 cal, then the net work done by the system in the latter case is ______.
( l cal = 4.2 J)
Give any two types of a thermodynamic process.
In the figure shown here, the work done in the process ACBA is ______.
In a certain thermodynamical process, the pressure of a gas depends on its volume as kV3. The work done when the temperature changes from 100°C to 300°C will be ______ nR, where n denotes number of moles of a gas.
Explain the thermodynamic process.
