Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Explain thermodynamics of the adiabatic process.
Advertisements
उत्तर
- An adiabatic process is a process during which there is no transfer of heat from or to the system.
- For adiabatic change, Q = 0.
∴ ΔU + W = 0
∴ ΔU = –W - This implies, for adiabatic expansion, W is positive and ΔU is negative i.e. when work is done by the system adiabatically its internal energy decreases.
- Similarly, when a system is compressed adiabatically, W is negative and ΔU is positive i.e., the internal energy of the system increases in an adiabatic compression.
- Heat transfer to and from the system is prevented by either perfectly insulating the system from its environment or by carrying out the change rapidly so that there is no time for any exchange of heat.
- The temperature of the system changes, i.e., ΔT ≠ 0
- Usually, it is a sudden change and the system does not find any time to exchange heat with its environment.
- p-V diagram for the adiabatic process is as shown below:
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
For work done to be reversible, the process should be ______
Draw a p-V diagram showing negative work with varying pressure.
Explain the cyclic process.
3 mole of a gas at temperature 400 K expands isothermally from an initial volume of 4 litres to a final volume of 8 litres. Find the work done by the gas. (R = 8.31 J mol-1 K-1)
An ideal gas of volume 2 L is adiabatically compressed to (1/10)th of its initial volume. Its initial pressure is 1.01 x 105 Pa, calculate the final pressure. (Given 𝛾 = 1.4)
Write a note on free expansion.
Explain the thermodynamics of the isochoric process.
When a cycle tyre suddenly bursts, the air inside the tyre expands. This process is ____________.
Give an expression for work done in an isothermal process.
Give the equation of state for an adiabatic process.
Give an equation state for an isochoric process.
Draw the PV diagram for the isothermal process.
Draw the PV diagram for the isochoric process.
What is a cyclic process?
Explain the isobaric process and derive the work done in this process.
Draw the TP diagram (P-x axis, T-y axis), VT(T-x axis, V-y axis) diagram for
- Isochoric process
- Isothermal process
- Isobaric process
In an adiabatic expansion of the air, the volume is increased by 4%, what is the percentage change in pressure? (For air γ = 1.4)
In a petrol engine, (internal combustion engine) air at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 20°C is compressed in the cylinder by the piston to `1/8` of its original volume. Calculate the temperature of the compressed air. (For air γ = 1.4)
Consider the following cyclic process consist of isotherm, isochoric and isobar which is given in the figure.
Draw the same cyclic process qualitatively in the V-T diagram where T is taken along the x-direction and V is taken along the y-direction. Analyze the nature of heat exchange in each process.
One mole of an ideal gas with `gamma` = 1.4 is adiabatically compressed so that its temperature rises from 27° C to 47° C. The change in the internal energy of the gas is (R = 8.3 J/mol.K) ____________.
Two identical samples of a gas are allowed to expand (i) isothermally (ii) adiabatically. Work done is ____________.
In an isothermal process, the volume of an ideal gas is halved. One can say that ____________.
An ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume by means of several processes. Which of the process results in the maximum work done on the gas?
Ideal gas for which 'ϒ' = 1.5 is suddenly compressed to `1/4`th of its initial volume. The ratio of 4 the final pressure to the initial pressure is ______.
`(ϒ = "C"_"p"/"C"_"v")`
Which of the following processes is reversible?
Give any two types of a thermodynamic process.
In the figure shown here, the work done in the process ACBA is ______.
Explain the thermodynamic process.
