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प्रश्न
Given below are some words from legal terminology used in court affairs. Discuss and complete the table accordingly.
| Sr. No | Legal Terminology | Description |
| 1. | Affidavit | A written statement confirmed by oath or affirmation for use as evidence in court. |
| 2. | Argument | |
| 3. | Consent | |
| 4. | Counsel | |
| 5. | Judgement | |
| 6. | Trial | |
| 7. | Verdict | |
| 8. | Contempt of Court | |
| 9. | Notice | |
| 10. | Stay order |
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उत्तर
| Sr. No | Legal Terminology | Description |
| 1. | Affidavit | A written statement confirmed by oath or affirmation for use as evidence in court. |
| 2. | Argument | A set of legal reasons based on statutes, regulations, case precedents, legal texts, and reasoning for a particular case. A presentation of the facts or evidence and the conclusions that may be drawn from them, aimed at convincing a judge or jury to deliver the verdict in favour of the lawyer's client. |
| 3. | Consent | Voluntarily accepting or agreeing with another person's statement/proposal. |
| 4. | Counsel | A person of authority similar to a lawyer, who deals with various legal issues and provides legal advice. |
| 5. | Judgement | An official decision made by the court that determines the rights and obligations of the parties involved. |
| 6. | Trial | A legal examination of an issue by a court (or similar authority) in order to determine the rights of the parties involved based on the evidence presented by them. |
| 7. | Verdict | The official decision or findings made by the court regarding the issue specified in a trial. |
| 8. | Contempt of Court | An offence that involves any form of disrespectful behaviour towards the court of law, its officials or its regulations and that disregards the dignity of the court. |
| 9. | Notice | A legal notification or warning (usually in writing) aimed to make the party aware of legal processes that affect their rights or duties. |
| 10. | Stay order | It is a court order to temporarily suspend the execution of a court judgement. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
The term dietary fibres refers collectively to indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. The importance of these dietary fibres came into the picture when it was observed that the people having diet rich in these fibres, had low incidence of coronary heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, dental caries and gall stones.
The foodstuffs rich in these dietary fibres are cereals and grains, legumes, fruits with seeds, citrus fruits, carrots, cabbage, green leafy vegetables, apples, melons, peaches, pears etc.
These dietary fibres are not digested by the enzymes of the stomach and the small intestine whereas most of other carbohydrates like starch and sugar are digested and absorbed. The dietary fibres have the property of holding water and because of it, these get swollen and behave like a sponge as these pass through the gastrointestinal tract. The fibres add bulk to the diet and increase transit time in the gut. Some of these fibres may undergo fermentation in the colon.
In recent years, it has been considered essential to have some amount of fibres in the diet. Their beneficial effects lie in preventing coronary heart disease, and decreasing cholesterol level. The fibres like gums and pectin are reported to decrease postprandial (after meals) glucose level in blood. These types of dietary fibres are recommended for the management of certain types of diabetes. Recent studies have shown that the fenugreek (Methi) seeds, which contain 40 per cent gum, are effective in decreasing blood glucose and cholesterol levels as compared to other gum containing vegetables.
Some dietary fibres increase transit time and decrease the time of release of ingested food in colon. The diet having less fibres is associated with colon cancer and the dietary fibres may play a role in decreasing the risk of it.
The dietary fibres hold water so that stools are soft, bulky and readily eliminated. Therefore high fibre intake prevents or relieves constipation.
The fibres increase motility of the small intestine and the colon and by decreasing the transit time there is less time for exposure of the mucosa to harmful toxic substances. Therefore, there is a less desire to eat and the energy intake can be maintained within the range of requirement. This phenomenon helps in keeping a check on obesity. Another reason in helping to decrease obesity is that the high-fibre diets have somewhat lower coefficients of digestibility.
The dietary fibres may have some adverse effects on nutrition by binding some trace metals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and others and therefore preventing their proper absorption. This may pose a possibility of nutritional deficiency especially when diets contain marginal levels of mineral elements. This may become important constraints on increasing dietary fibres. It is suggested that an intake of 40 grams dietary fibres per day is desirable.
(Extracted from ‘The Tribune’)
(a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it in points only, using recognizable abbreviations wherever necessary. Also suggest a suitable title. (5)
(b) Write a summary of the above in about 80 words. (3)
Write a summary of the above passage in about 100 words.
Notice these expression in the text. Infer their meaning from the context.
salt flats
Guess the meaning of the following word:
Kyang
In which language are these word found?
The Cloud ‘fuses together a creative myth, a scientific monograph, and a gay picaresque tale of cloud adventure': explain.
Personification is a figure of speech that attributes human qualities to inanimate things and abstract ideas. How has it been used in the poem?
'Whose roots lay deeper than our lives' – what aspect of human behaviour does this line reflect?
Read the extract and state whether the following statement is true or false. Correct the false statement.
The author is an example of ‘reverse migration’.
Make sentence of your own using the following expression.
overcome:
Think and answer in your own words.
Does the poet really wish to become a hawker/gardener/watchman? Justify your response.
Think and answer in your own words in your notebook.
Does the poem urge us to protect only worms? What is the general message conveyed through this poem?
Fibreglass kites led to creating power - driven aeroplanes.
Prepare an Acrostic from the word ‘Leisure’. The words should be related to what one likes to do in free time.
L______
E______
I______
S______
U______
Reading stories
E______
Discuss with your partner the different ideas connoted by the word 'season'.
- _______________________
- _______________________
- _______________________
Answer the following question in short.
How did Tenali Raman outwit Pundit Shahane?
List five of your favourite Hindi or Marathi poems or songs. Try to translate any one of them into English.
What did one of the fluttering creatures do?
Write a short monologue using one of the following ideas. Write down the monologue and present it in the class.
Yonamine’s father worrying about getting her married.
What did the Clean Brigade do?
Write five words each -
with the suffix
- -less
- -ly
- -ness
Link the items in the three columns properly.
| A | B | C |
| The past | A sea beneath a cloudless sun | A pleasant time which has ended |
| The present hour | A soft and mild autumn evening | An exciting, thrilling time which has no end. |
| The future | A green and flowery spray Where a young bird sits | A time, full of life in which you gather strength |
Write one line about the following with the help of the poem.
wind in the autumn evening
Write about Malti and Rima using the following points:
 |
 |
| Appearance... | Appearance... |
| Studies... | Studies... |
| Singing... | Singing... |
| Attitude to others... | Attitude to others... |
| Weak points... | Weak points... |
Use details from the story and your own imagination when you write the above descriptions.
Discuss:
Is it necessary to develop a good accent? Why? What efforts can you take to improve your pronunciation? With your teacher’s help, find out how to use online dictionaries for the purpose.
Write the rhyme scheme of the poem (Autumn).
From the passage, find all the words and phrases used to describe the ‘monster’.
Fill in the blank choosing the appropriate word/idiom from the lesson.
He was dizzy and he ______ the room.
List and say whether the following statement agrees with the passage or not.
In a discussion, you should share your ideas with others.
Read the word. Write the words that combine to make it.
snowwhite
Read the word. Write the words that combine to make it.
springtime
Which event in the story tells us that the scarecrow was intelligent?
What did the Judge tell Ahmad?
Based on your understanding of the poem, complete the following passage by the using the phrases given in the box.
| youth to old age | up or down the hill | to hurry nor move away | |
| high adventure | joyful | mourn | looking ahead |
The poet wants to live his life __________, willing to do something. He neither wants __________from his goal. He does not want to _______ the things he has lost, not hold back for fear of the future. He instead prefers to live his life with a whole and happy heart which cheerfully travels from __________. Therefore, it does not matter to him whether the path goes __________, rough or smooth, the journey will be __________. He will continue to seek what he wanted as a boy - new friendship, __________ and a crown (prize). His heart will remain courageous and pursue his desires. He hopes that every turn in his life's journey will be the best.
Read the following incident carefully to answer the question that follow.
The tie that does not bind
“Oh, so you’re going abroad? Can you bring me back…..?” I’ve been asked to bring back a vaccine for a course. Once I searched the suburbs of Paris for two days for a special brand of ceramic paint. Having spent a lot of money for Cartier lighter refills, I had them confiscated at the airport just before boarding because the gas might be dangerous in the air.
Now, two months before a trip, I stop talking to people so they won’t suspect I’m about to travel. But someone always catches me.” I’ve heard you’re going to New York, and I want you to get something for me. It’s just a little thing you can find anywhere. I don’t know exactly how much it costs, but it shouldn’t be much. We’ll settle up when you get back”.
What Gilson asked me to buy was, in fact, a little thing: a tie. But not just any tie. He wanted a tie with a small embroidered G. Any colour would do, as long as it had his initials. Look, this is a special flight, I explained. We are only staying Saturday through Tuesday. On the day we arrived I didn’t have time to think about the tie, but strolling around on Sunday I did see ties bearing various letters in more than one shop window. They were cheap, just a dollar, but all the shops were closed.
On Monday, lunch lasted the whole afternoon. Then it was Tuesday morning, time to leave. It was only when I saw our airport bus waiting outside the hotel that I remembered the tie.
I told the group to go on. I would get a taxi to the airport. And so I went in search of a nearby shop where I had seen ties.
But I couldn’t find it. I walked further down the street-one, two, three blocks - all in vain. Back at the hotel, a bit anxious now, I took my suitcase, got a taxi and asked the driver to rush to the street where I had seen them.
The driver stopped at each shop we passed so I could look from the window. The stores had all sorts of ties, but not the kind I was looking for.
When I finally thought I had located the right shop, I decided to go in and check. The driver refused to wait. Parking was prohibited, he said. I promised to double the fare, jumped out and ran into the shop. Was I going to miss the plane just for a damned tie?
The salesman was unbearably slow. When I realized that the smallest change I had was a ten dollar note , I grabbed ten ties of different colours so I wouldn’t have to wait for change. I rushed out with the ties in a paper bag.
On the street I looked around. The taxi had vanished, taking my suitcase. What is more, I was going to miss the plane.
I ran to the corner, and hope flared up again: the taxi was waiting in the next street. Quick to the airport! As I settled down inside the taxi. I sighed with relief. Gilson was going to have enough initialized ties to last him a lifetime.
When I reached the airport, I paid the taxi driver the double fare and grabbed my suitcase. Panting, I boarded the plane under the reproachful gaze of the other passengers, all primly seated with their seat belts fastened. Ready to take off. Departure had been delayed because of me.
“At least I hope you found your tie”, said one who knew the story.
“I did”, I answered triumphantly.
After making myself comfortable, I reached for the paper bag to show the ties.
I had left it behind; in the taxi.
Fernando Sabino.
Read the incident again and answer the following question.
What was the writer always asked to do whenever he planned to go abroad?
Read the data below and answer the following question.
Choose the correct answer.
Identify the three jobs where the same percentage of women work.
When are we in a state of trance?
What do you think is going to happen next?
Everyone in the ship started to pray because ______.
There are seven kinds of sea turtles in the world.
Complete the sentence given below with word/phrase.
The whole earth smelled ______ and ______.
The girl admitted to her brother that she was badly frightened.
_________ is the memorial for the soldiers.
Read scene I of the play carefully and answer the question below.
Match the following.
| Sr.No. | CHARACTER | TRAIT |
| a. | Father Wolf | with a grey nose…feeds her four cubs |
| b. | Tabaqui | the big one from Waingunga River with a lame foot |
| c. | Mother Wolf | the chief of the Wolves |
| d. | Shere Khan | begs for meat and thanks for the meal/warns the wolves about the arrival of Shere Khan |
What is the main idea of the story?
Some words sound the same but their spelling and meaning are different. Such words are called homophones. There are many homophones.
Identify the character/speaker.
He set the fish free.
Arrange the actions of Robinson by numbering from 1 to 10.
Find and write the clues.
Clue for lame ______.
The squirrel ran to the _________ tree.
Write the rhyming word.
larder- ______.
Whose word are these? Name the character.
“We do not have money to buy anything.”
Pencil asked him to draw ______.
From where did the naughty boy come?
Write the related words as shown in the example:
What are the details not to be revealed in public domain?
Pick out word which mean the same as
keep a check on (para 3)
Being a bachelor, the stranger had no patience with children.
Activity: Live English: Packs, packets, pouches, wrappers
Given above is the picture of an imaginary food item’s packet. Let us see how to ‘read’ the matter on the packet as a vigilant consumer.
- Look at the wrapper and complete the sentences.
- The name of the food item is ______.
- It is made by ______.
- It is a ______ food item. (Veg/Non-veg)
- The ______ sign indicates whether it is a Veg or Non-veg food item.
- The ingredients are ______, ______, ______, ______.
- The date of packing is ______ and the expiry date is ______.
- It should be consumed before ______ from the date of manufacturing.
- Try and obtain more information about the various symbols printed on the packet.
- Discuss the following -
- Why the ‘recipe’ is given on the packet.
- Why the packet tells us to visit the website of the company.
- What ideas are used to make the packet attractive?
- How you will verify whether something is good for you to eat.
Collect the outer coverings of fast food items. Discuss the following points in groups and then write your observations in your notebook.
- Ingredients
- Manufactured by
- Net weight
- Veg or Non-veg
- Recipe
- Nutrition facts
- MRP
- Mfg date
- Website
- Other instructions, if any
