Topics
Our Earth and Our Solar System
Motions of the Earth
The Earth and Its Living World
Environmental Balance
Family Values
Rules Are for Everyone
Let Us Solve Our Own Problems
Public Facilities and My School
Maps - Our Companions
Getting to Know India
Our Home and Environment
Food for All
Methods of Preserving Food
Transport
Communication and Mass Media
Water
Clothes - Our Necessity
The Environment and Us
Constituents of Food
Our Emotional World
Busy at Work - Our Internal Organs
Growth and Personality Development
Infectious Diseases and How to Prevent Them
Substances, Objects and Energy
Community Health and Hygiene
- Preventing Diseases Through Water
- Preventing Mosquito-Borne Diseases
- Quarantine for Serious Infectious Diseases
- Preventing Airborne Diseases
Maharashtra State Board: Class 5
Preventing Diseases Through Water:
- Water is cleaned and purified at the waterworks before it reaches homes to make it safe for drinking.
- Chlorination is commonly used in cities to disinfect drinking water and remove harmful pathogens.
- Filtration systems, such as sand filters and RO systems, help remove impurities and contaminants from water.
- In small towns and villages, bleaching powder is added to common water sources, like wells, to kill germs and make the water safe.
- If there is an epidemic of diseases like gastro or jaundice, people are told to boil water before drinking to kill any harmful germs.
- Proper sewage disposal prevents contamination of water bodies and reduces the spread of waterborne diseases.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 5
Preventing Mosquito-Borne Diseases:
- To stop diseases like malaria, we must make sure there is no stagnant water (standing water) around, as mosquitoes breed in it.
- If we cannot get rid of stagnant water, we use insecticides to kill mosquito larvae before they grow into adult mosquitoes.
- Keep surroundings clean by not letting water collect in open containers, tires, or flower pots.
- Cover water storage to stop mosquitoes from laying eggs.
- Use mosquito nets and repellents to avoid mosquito bites.
- Put small fish in ponds because they eat mosquito eggs.
- Spray insecticides to kill mosquitoes in areas where they breed.
- Tell everyone about the importance of keeping water sources clean to prevent diseases like malaria and dengue.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 5
Quarantine for Serious Infectious Diseases:
- People with serious infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis or swine flu, are kept separate from others. This is called quarantine.
- Hospitals have special wards where only patients with infectious diseases stay to prevent the disease from spreading to others.
- The clothes and utensils used by the patient are cleaned with germicides (special chemicals that kill germs).
- People with tuberculosis collect their spit in a container with a germicide-like phenol to kill the germs.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 5
Preventing Airborne Diseases:
- Diseases that spread through the air, like the flu, can be prevented by covering the mouth when sneezing or coughing.
- People should avoid spitting in public places to stop the spread of germs.
- If someone needs to be near someone with an infectious disease, they should wear a mask to cover their nose and mouth for protection.
- If someone in your family gets an infectious disease, it is important to inform the government health department.
- The health department will take the necessary steps to prevent the disease from spreading to other people.
