Journal Proper

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Definition : Journal Proper

Journal Proper is a special accounting book where rare or miscellaneous transactions, not recorded in other subsidiary books, are entered.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Feature	Journal (General Journal)	Journal Proper
Meaning	Book of original entry for recording all financial transactions	Special journal for rare or unique transactions not fitting in subsidiary books
Purpose	Records all transactions in chronological order	Records only exceptional/miscellaneous transactions
Type	Subsidiary book; covers all routine transactions	Subsidiary book; covers opening, adjusting, rectification, transfer, closing entries, etc.
Format	Date, Particulars, Ledger Folio, Debit, Credit, Narration	Same format as the general journal
Frequency of Use	Used daily for all transactions	Used occasionally for special transactions
Relation with Subsidiary Books	Transactions may be moved to cash book/purchase book, etc.	Transactions not eligible for other subsidiary books
Narration Requirement	Mandatory for every entry	Mandatory for every entry

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

Entry Type	Purpose/When Used
Opening Entries	To bring forward balances of assets, liabilities, capital at the start of a new accounting year
Adjustment Entries	To record end-of-year adjustments for items not in trial balance (outstanding expenses, prepaid items, depreciation, etc.)
Rectification Entries	To correct errors in previously recorded transactions
Transfer Entries	To shift balances between accounts (closing drawings, profits, etc.)
Closing Entries	To close income & expense accounts by transferring their balance to Trading or Profit & Loss account
Other/Miscellaneous Entries	For rare cases: asset purchase on credit, bad debts, losses by fire/theft, free samples, cash discount, etc.

Maharashtra State Board: Class 11

List of transactions to be recorded in the journal proper of AB Enterprises for December 2025

Transaction Type	Date	Transaction Description	Amount (₹)
Opening Entry	Jan. 2	Started business with cash and furniture; creditors	20,000 (cash) 10,000(furniture) 5,000 (creditors)
Adjustment Entry	Jan. 9	Outstanding salary at year-end	3,000
Rectification Entry	Jan. 15	Goods purchased from Aman not recorded earlier	7,500
Transfer Entry	Jan. 20	Net profit transferred to Capital Account	15,000
Other Entry (Bad Debts)	Jan. 27	Bad debts written off	1,200
Miscellaneous Entry	Jan. 30	Furniture bought from Vinay & Co. on credit	5,500

In the books of AB Enterprises
Journal Proper

Date	Particulars	Debit (₹)	Credit (₹)
2025 Jan. 2	Cash A/c ...Dr.	20,000
	Furniture A/c ...Dr.	10,000
	To Creditors A/c		5,000
	To Capital A/c		25,000
	(Being cash, furniture and creditors brought into account at start of business.)
Jan. 9	Salary A/c ...Dr.	3,000
	To Outstanding Salary A/c		3,000
	(Being outstanding salary at year-end)
Jan. 15	Purchases A/c ...Dr.	7,500
	To Aman A/c		7,500
	(Being goods purchased from Aman not earlier recorded)
Jan. 20	Profit & Loss A/c ...Dr.	15,000
	To Capital A/c		15,000
	(Being net profit transferred to Capital Account)
Jan. 27	Bad Debts A/c ...Dr.	1,200
	To Debtors A/c		1,200
	(Being bad debts written off)
Jan. 30	Furniture A/c...Dr.	5,500
	To Vinay & Co.		5,500
	(Being furniture bought from Vinay & Co. on credit)