Balbharati solutions for Geography [English] Standard 12 Maharashtra State Board chapter 1 - Population : Part - 1 [Latest edition]

The table shows the 10 most populated countries in the world in 2018 with their areas. Calculate their population densities and complete the table.

Look at the map in the given Fig. Compare it with the physical map of the world given. Try to understand the impact of physical factors on population distribution. Complete the table accordingly. One has been done for you as an example.

Can you think of the factors besides physiography which affect the distribution of population? Make a list.

Fill in suitable examples of countries or regions in the table. Two examples have been solved for your convenience.

Are Eskimos still living in their conventional ways?

What changes can be seen in their lifestyle now?

Can lakes be a factor for concentration of population? Find out examples.

Which water bodies are surrounded by dense population in Maharashtra?

Refer to the map showing rice producing regions of the world in Fig. 1. Relate it with the population map of the world in Fig. 2. Write the conclusions in your own words.

Fig 1:

Fig 2:

Look at the satellite images given in the given Fig. They show the same area from two different periods.

• What difference do you see?
• What might have caused these changes? Discuss in class.

Which policy did the Brazilian government promote with respect to decentralisation?

Look at the fig. and answer the questions that follow:

• What does the image show?
• What happens to the population when deaths are more than births?
• What happens to the population when births are more than deaths?
• What happens when both are same? Is it possible?

In 2019, there were 3,250 births in a city with population of 2,23,000. Therefore:

`"CBR" = (3,250)/(2,23,000) xx 1,000 = 14.57`

So, at that time, there were 14.57 live births for every 1,000 people in the city.

• Can you calculate the death rate in the above example, if the total number of deaths in the city was 2,986 in the same year?
• On the basis of the Birth Rate given earlier and Death Rate calculated by you, what change in population do you observe?

Observe the table. Arrange data in ascending order for birth rates and death rates respectively.

You know that birth rates and death rates determine the growth or decline in the population. Based on this notion, try to complete the table 1.5, where different combinations of Birth Rates and Death Rates are given. Discuss in the class and complete the table. One has been done for you as an example.

Look at the graph in thr Fig carefully. Answer the following questions:

1. What do the blue and the black lines show?
2. What does the green part in the graph show?
3. What does the blue part in the graph show?
4. In which stages is the birth rate more than the death rate?
5. In which stages is the birth rate same as the death rate?
6. In which stage is the death rate more than birth rate?

In which stage do you think India is passing right now?

Look at the fig. and answer:

1. If the crude birth rate is 7 and the crude death rate is 8 then which stage of demographic transition is the country in?
2. If a country has crude death rate of 20 and crude birth rate of 24, then which stage of demographic transition is the country in?

Find out in what multiples has population increased in the following timeline and write down your findings.

For example, in the initial phase, the population took 6 centuries (1000 to 1600 A.D.) to double itself. Years (A.D.)

Population of the world approx. (in millions)

Assertion: Areas which have fertile soil have a dense population.

Reasoning: Fertile soils are good for agriculture.

Assertion (A): Population of a region does not change.

Reason (R): Birth rate, death rate and migration affect the population of a region.

A: In stage 2, the death rate reduces but the birth rate is constant.

R: The population increases rapidly in stage 2.

Write a short note on :

Impact of relief on population distribution.

Write a short note on the correlation between birth rates and death rates. 

Write a short note on :

Stage 3 of Demographic Transition theory.

Give geographical reason

India is passing through stage 3 of demographic transition.

Give a geographical reason:

Population distribution is uneven. 

Give a geographical reason:

Population increases because of transportation facilities.

Give a geographical reason:

Secondary and tertiary activities increase in the third stage of demographic transition.

Give a geographical reason:

Population may increase though birth rates are low.

Give a geographical reason:

Population density is a function of the population and area of a region.

Explain the physical factors affecting the distribution of the population.

Answer in detail:

In the first and fifth stages of the demographic transition, population growth is almost nil. What is the difference between the two stages then?

Discuss the problems faced by countries in stage 4 and stage 5.

Draw a neat, labelled diagram:

Demographic Transition Theory

On an outline map of the world, show the following with an index:

1. Highly populated region in Australia.
2. Sparsely populated region in India.
3. Any 2 countries in stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Theory.
4. Any 2 countries in stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Theory.