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Physics Official 2022-2023 HSC Science (General) 12th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution

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Physics [Official]
Marks: 70 Maharashtra State Board
HSC Science (General)
HSC Science (Electronics)
HSC Science (Computer Science)

Academic Year: 2022-2023
Date & Time: 21st July 2023, 11:00 am
Duration: 3h
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General Instructions:

  1. The question paper is divided into four sections.
    1.  Section A: Q. No. 1 contains 10 multiple choice type questions carrying one mark each. Q. No. 2 contains 8 very short answer type questions carrying one mark each.
    2. Section B: Q. No. 3 to Q. No. 14 are 12 short answer-I type questions carrying two marks each. Attempt any eight questions.
    3. Section C: Q. No. 15 to Q. No. 26 are 12 short answer-II type questions carrying three marks each. Attempt any eight questions.
    4. Section D: Q. No. 27 to Q. No. 31 contains 5 long answer type questions carrying four marks each. Attempt any three questions.
  2. Start each section on a new page.
  3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
  4. For each MCQ, the correct answer must be written along with its alphabet e.g. (a) .../ (b) .../ (c) .../ (d) ....
  5. Evaluation of each MCQ would be done for the first attempt only.
  6. Use of Logarithm Tables is allowed. Use of a calculator is not allowed.
  7. Physical constants:
    1. π = 3.142
    2. g = 9.8 m/s2
    3. R = 8.31 J/mol-K
    4. C = 3 × 108 m/s
    5. ε0 = 8.85 × 10-12 C2/N.m2
    6. µ0 = 4π × 10-7T.m/A
    7.  RH = 1.097 × 107 m-1
    8. h = 6.63 × 10-34 Js

SECTION - A (18 Marks)
[10]1 | Select and write the correct answer for the following multiple choice type questions:
[1]1.i

A body performing uniform circular motion has constant ______.

velocity

kinetic energy

displacement

acceleration

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.ii

When a soluble substance such as common salt (i.e., sodium chloride) is dissolved in water, the surface tension of water ______.

decreases

becomes zero

remains the same

increases

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.iii

The periodic time of angular oscillations of a bar magnet is proportional to ______.

ratio of moment of inertia and magnetic field

ratio of magnetic field and moment of inertia

square root of the ratio of moment of inertia and magnetic field

square root of the ratio of magnetic field and moment of inertia

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.iv

The coefficient of absorption of a body is equal to its coefficient of emission at a given temperature is called ______.

Stefan’s law

Newton’s law of cooling

Kirchoff’s law of heat radiation

Boyle’s law

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.v

The second law of thermodynamics deals with the transfer of ______.

Work done

Energy

Momentum

Heat

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [4] Thermodynamics
[1]1.vi

Which of the following phenomenon proves that light is a transverse wave?

Reflection

Interference

Diffraction

Polarization 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [7] Wave Optics
[1]1.vii

Magnitude of the induced e.m.f. produced between the ends of a conductor of length `("‘"L"’")/2` moving with a uniform velocity ‘v’ at right angles to a uniform magnetic field of intensity ‘2B’ will be ______.

`(BLv)/4`

`(BLv)/2`

BLv

2BLv

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.viii

Solar cell operates on the principle of ______.

Diffusion

Recombination

Photovoltaic action

Carrier flow

Photoelectric effect

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [16] Semiconductor Devices
[1]1.ix

A body performing linear S.H.M. experiences a force of 0.2 N when displaced through 4 cm from the mean position. Its force constant will be ______.

2 N/m

2.5 N/m

5 N/m

8 N/m

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]1.x

If a current of 1 A flows through a solenoid of length 25 cm and made up of 250 turns of copper wire then the magnitude of magnetic induction inside the solenoid will be ______.

0.12568 × 10−3 T

1.2568 × 10−3 T

l.2568 × 102 T

1.256 × 104 T

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[8]2 | Answer the following questions:
[1]2.i

State the formula for end correction in a resonance tube experiment.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.ii
[0.5]2.ii.a

Categorize the H2O as a polar and non-polar dielectric.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[0.5]2.ii.b

Categorize the CO2 as a polar and non-polar dielectric.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.iii

Define Potential Gradient.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.iv

Calculate the period of a particle performing linear S.H.M. with maximum speed of 0.08 m/s and maximum acceleration of 0.32 m/s2.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.v

Define gyromagnetic ratio.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.vi

State the conditions for current and impedance in parallel resonance circuit.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.vii

Radius of third Bohr orbit is 0.477 nm. Calculate the radius of the second Bohr orbit.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]2.viii

Name the logic gate having single input-single output.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
SECTION - B (16 Marks)
[2]3 | Attempt any eight of the following questions:

State any four Conditions for Obtaining well–defined and Steady Interference Patterns. 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [7] Wave Optics
[2]4

Derive an expression for electric field intensity due to an infinitely long straight charged wire.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
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[2]5
[1]5.i

What are eddy currents?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [12] Electromagnetic Induction
[1]5.ii

State applications of eddy currents.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [12] Electromagnetic Induction
[2]6
[1]6.i

Define and state formulae for inductive reactance.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]6.ii

Define and state formulae for capacitive reactance.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]7

Draw a p-V diagram and explain the concept of positive and negative work. Give one example each.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [4] Thermodynamics [9] Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation
[2]8
[1]8.i

State law of length.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [6] Superposition of Waves [8] Stationary Waves
[1]8.ii

State law of linear density.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [6] Superposition of Waves [8] Stationary Waves
[2]9

For a moving coil galvanometer, show that `S = G/(n - 1)`, where S is shunt resistance, G is galvanometer resistance and n is ratio of total current to the full scale deflection current.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]10

The de Broglie wavelengths associated with an electron and a proton are the same. What will be the ratio of

  1. their momenta
  2. their kinetic energies?
Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [14] Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
[2]11

Obtain an expression for the half-lifetime of radioactive material. Hence state the relation between an average life and half life time of radioactive material.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [15] Structure of Atoms and Nuclei
[2]12

A motorcyclist performs stunt along the cylindrical wall of a ‘Well of Death’ of inner radius 4 m. Coefficient of static friction between tyres and the wall is 0.4. Calculate the maximum period of revolution. (Use g = 10 m/s2)

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]13

Calculate the diameter of a water drop if the excess pressure inside the drop is 80 N/m2. (Surface Tension of water = 7.2 × 10−2 N/m).

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]14

The magnetic field at a distance of 2.4 cm from a long straight [current-carrying] wire is 16 µT. What is the current through the wire?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [10] Magnetic Fields Due to Electric Current
SECTION - C (24 Marks)
[3]15

Explain the construction and working of Ferry’s black body.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [3] Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation
[3]16

Show that the deflection produced in a moving coil galvanometer is directly proportional to the current flowing through its coil or vice versa.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]17
[2]17.i

Draw the circuit diagram of a half-wave rectifier. Hence explain its working. 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [16] Semiconductor Devices
[1]17.ii

Draw input-output half waveforms rectifier.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]18

Obtain the expression for the period of a simple pendulum performing S.H.M.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [5] Oscillations
[3]19

Prove that the frequency of beats is equal to the difference between the frequencies of the two sound notes giving rise to beats.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [6] Superposition of Waves [7] Wave Motion [10] Wave Theory of Light
[3]20

Obtain an expression for the orbital magnetic moment of an electron rotating about the nucleus in an atom.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [11] Magnetic Materials
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[3]21
[1]21.i

State Einstein photoelectric equation. 

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [14] Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
[2]21.ii

Explain two characteristics of the photoelectric effect on the basis of Einstein’s photoelectric equation.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]22
[1.5]22.i

Calculate the shortest wavelength of the Paschen series for the H atom.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1.5]22.ii

Calculate the longest wavelength of the Balmer series for the H atom.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]23

A 60 W filament lamp loses all its energy by radiation from its surface. The emissivity of the filament surface is 0.5 and the surface area is 5 × 105 m2. Calculate the temperature of the filament. (Given: σ = 5.67 × 108 Jm−2 s1 K−4)

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]24

Two capacitors of capacitance C1 and C2 are connected in parallel and this combination is connected in series with a capacitor of capacity C3. Calculate the equivalent capacity of the combination of capacitors.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]25

With an unknown resistance X in the left gap and a resistance of 30 Ω in the right gap of a meter-bridge, the null point is obtained at 40 cm from the left end of the wire. Calculate the unknown resistance and shift in the position of the null point when resistance in each gap is increased by 15 Ω.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[3]26

An inductor of inductance 200 mH is connected to an A.C. source of peak e.m.f. 210 V and frequency 50 Hz. Calculate the peak current and instantaneous voltage of the source when the current is at its peak value.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
Section - D (12 Marks)
[3]27 | Attempt any three of the following questions:

State and prove the theorem of the parallel axis about the moment of inertia.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [1] Rotational Dynamics [3] Angular Momentum
[4]28
[1]28.i

Define the isothermal process.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]28.ii

Define the following term:

Adiabatic process

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]28.iii

One mole of an ideal gas is enclosed in an ideal cylinder at 1.0 M Pa and 27°C. The gas is allowed to expand till its volume is doubled. Calculate the work done if the expansion is isobaric.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[4]29
[2]29.i

Distinguish between streamlined flow and turbulent flow.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [2] Mechanical Properties of Fluids
[2]29.ii

With what terminal velocity will an air bubble 0.4 mm in diameter rise in a liquid of viscosity 0.1 Ns/m2 and specific gravity 0.9? Density of air is 1.29 kg/m3.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [2] Mechanical Properties of Fluids
[4]30
[1]30.i

What is Fraunhofer diffraction?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[1]30.ii

What is Fresnel diffraction?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]30.iii

A Plane Wavefront of light of wavelength 5500 A.U. is incident on two slits in a screen perpendicular to the direction of light rays. If the total separation of 10 bright fringes on a screen 2 m away is 2 cm. Find the distance between the slits.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [7] Wave Optics
[4]31
[1]31.i

What is Transformer?

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [12] Electromagnetic Induction [16] Electromagnetic Inductions
[1]31.ii

State the working principle of a transformer.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter:
[2]31.iii

Distinguish between Step up and Step Down Transformer.

Concept: undefined - undefined
Chapter: [12] Electromagnetic Induction [16] Electromagnetic Inductions

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