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Question
Under what conditions glucose is converted to gluconic and saccharic acid?
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Solution
Glucose is converted to gluconic acid by Br2 water and to saccharic acid by cone \[\ce{HNO3}\].
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{..}\ce{CHO}\phantom{.....................}\ce{COOH}\phantom{...............................}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{.........................}|\phantom{...................................}\\
\phantom{..}\ce{(CHOH)4 + O ->[Br2/H2O] \phantom{...}(CHOH)4}\phantom{............................}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{.........................}|\phantom{...................................}\\
\phantom{....}\ce{\underset{Glucose}{CH2OH}}\phantom{.................}\ce{\underset{Gluconic acid}{CH2OH}}\phantom{...............................}\\
\end{array}\]
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{..}\ce{CHO}\phantom{.....................}\ce{COOH}\phantom{...............................}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{.........................}|\phantom{...................................}\\
\phantom{..}\ce{(CHOH)4 + 3[O] ->[Br2/H2O] \phantom{}(CHOH)4}\phantom{.............................}\\
\phantom{}|\phantom{.........................}|\phantom{...................................}\\
\phantom{....}\ce{\underset{Glucose}{CH2OH}}\phantom{.................}\ce{\underset{Saccharic acid}{COOH}}\phantom{...............................}\\
\end{array}\]
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