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Question
The below diagram represents the vertical view of the human female reproductive system.
(i) Label the parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 8.
(ii) How does the uterus prepare for the reception of a zygote?
(iii) What happens to the uterus if fertilization takes place?
(iv) What happens to the uterus if fertilization has failed to take place?
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Solution
(i)
1. Oviduct
2. Funnel of oviduct
3. Ureter
4. Vagina
5. Ovary
6. Uterus
7. Bladder
8. Urethra
(ii) The endometrium lining and glands of the uterine wall grow to prepare the uterus for the reception of a zygote.
(iii) If fertilization takes place, the embryo is implanted in the uterus. The uterus wall develops a placenta which attaches the embryo to the uterus and the uterine wall expands to accommodate the growing embryo.
(iv) If fertilization fails to take place, menstruation takes place during which endometrium of the uterus is cast off. The capillaries and cells of this layer rupture and disappear.
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Figure A
Figure B
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| X | Y | Z | |
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| B | Unfertilized egg | Fertilized egg | Morula |
| C | Blastocyst | Fertilized egg | Unfertilized egg |
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Read the following and answer from given below:
During copulation, semen is released by the penis into the vegina. The motile sperms swim rapidly, fuse with the ovum in the ampullary region, resulting in fertilization. The haploid nucleus of sperm fuses with that of the ovum to form a diploid zygote.
Site of fertilization in human is ______
