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Show that the Three Lines with Direction Cosines 12 13 , − 3 13 , − 4 13 ; 4 13 , 12 13 , 3 13 ; 3 13 , − 4 13 , 12 13 Are Mutually Perpendicular.

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Question

Show that the three lines with direction cosines \[\frac{12}{13}, \frac{- 3}{13}, \frac{- 4}{13}; \frac{4}{13}, \frac{12}{13}, \frac{3}{13}; \frac{3}{13}, \frac{- 4}{13}, \frac{12}{13}\] are mutually perpendicular. 

Sum
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Solution

The direction cosines of the three lines are

\[l_1 = \frac{12}{13}, m_1 = - \frac{3}{13}, n_1 = - \frac{4}{13}\]

\[ l_2 = \frac{4}{13}, m_2 = \frac{12}{13}, n_1 = \frac{3}{13}\]

\[ l_3 = \frac{3}{13}, m_3 = - \frac{4}{13}, n_3 = \frac{12}{13}\]

\[\therefore l_1 l_2 + m_1 m_2 + n_1 n_2 = \frac{48 - 36 - 12}{169} = 0\]

Also, 

\[ l_2 l_3 + m_2 m_3 + n_2 n_3 = \frac{12 - 48 + 36}{169} = 0\]

\[ l_1 l_3 + m_1 m_3 + n_1 n_3 = \frac{36 + 12 - 48}{169} = 0\]

Hence, the given lines are perpendicular to each other.

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Chapter 27: Straight Line in Space - Exercise 28.2 [Page 15]

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R.D. Sharma Mathematics Volume 1 and 2 [English] Class 12
Chapter 27 Straight Line in Space
Exercise 28.2 | Q 1 | Page 15

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