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Find the Angle Between the Following Pairs of Lines: → R = λ ( ^ I + ^ J + 2 ^ K ) and → R = 2 ^ J + μ { ( √ 3 − 1 ) ^ I − ( √ 3 + 1 ) ^ J + 4 ^ K - Mathematics

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Question

Find the angle between the following pair of line: 

\[\overrightarrow{r} = \lambda\left( \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 2 \hat{k} \right) \text{ and } \overrightarrow{r} = 2 \hat{j} + \mu\left\{ \left( \sqrt{3} - 1 \right) \hat{i} - \left( \sqrt{3} + 1 \right) \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k} \right\}\]

 

Sum
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Solution

\[\overrightarrow{r} = \lambda\left( \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 2 \hat{k} \right) \text{ and } \overrightarrow{r} = 2 \hat{j} + \mu\left\{ \left( \sqrt{3} - 1 \right) \hat{i} - \left( \sqrt{3} + 1 \right) \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k} \right\}\]

Let  \[\overrightarrow {b_1}\] and \[\overrightarrow {b_2}\] be vector parallel to the given line.

Now,

\[\overrightarrow{b_1} = \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 2 \hat{k} \]

\[ \overrightarrow{b_2} = \left( \sqrt{3} - 1 \right) \hat{i} - \left( \sqrt{3} + 1 \right) \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k}\]

If θ  is the angle between the given line, then

\[\cos \theta = \frac{\overrightarrow{b_1} . \overrightarrow{b_2}}{\left| \overrightarrow{b_1} \right| \left| \overrightarrow{b_2} \right|}\]

\[ = \frac{\left( \hat{i} + \hat{j} + 2 \hat{k} \right) . \left( \left( \sqrt{3} - 1 \right) \hat{i} - \left( \sqrt{3} + 1 \right) \hat{j} + 4 \hat{k} \right)}{\sqrt{1^2 + 1^2 + 2^2} \sqrt{\left( \sqrt{3} - 1 \right)^2 + \left( \sqrt{3} + 1 \right)^2 + 4^2}}\]

\[ = \frac{\left( \sqrt{3} - 1 \right) - \left( \sqrt{3} + 1 \right) + 8}{\sqrt{6} \sqrt{24}}\]

\[ = \frac{6}{12}\]

\[ = \frac{1}{2}\]

\[ \Rightarrow \theta = \frac{\pi}{3}\]

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Chapter 28: Straight Line in Space - Exercise 28.2 [Page 16]

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RD Sharma Mathematics [English] Class 12
Chapter 28 Straight Line in Space
Exercise 28.2 | Q 8.3 | Page 16

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