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Question
If 4-digit numbers greater than 5,000 are randomly formed from the digits 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7, what is the probability of forming a number divisible by 5 when, the digits are repeated?
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Solution
When the digits are repeated,
Since four-digit numbers greater than 5000 are formed, the leftmost digit is either 7 or 5.
The remaining 3 places can be filled by any of the digits 0, 1, 3, 5, or 7 as repetition of digits is allowed.
∴Total number of 4-digit numbers greater than 5000 = 2 × 5 × 5 × 5 − 1
= 250 − 1 = 249
[In this case, 5000 can not be counted; so 1 is subtracted]
A number is divisible by 5 if the digit at its units place is either 0 or 5.
∴ Total number of 4-digit numbers greater than 5000 that are divisible by 5 = 2 × 5 × 5 × 2 − 1 = 100 − 1 = 99
Thus, the probability of forming a number divisible by 5 when the digits are repeated is `99/249` = `33/83`
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