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Question
Identify the redox reactions out of the following reactions and identify the oxidising and reducing agents in them.
\[\ce{3HCl (aq) + HNO3 (aq) -> Cl2 (g) + NOCl (g) + 2H2O (l)}\]
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Solution
Writing the O.N. of on each atom,
\[\ce{3\overset{+1}{H}\overset{-1}{Cl} (aq) + \overset{+1}{H}\overset{+5}{N}\overset{-2}{O3} (aq) -> \overset{0}{Cl2} (g) + \overset{+3}{N}\overset{-2}{O}\overset{-1}{Cl (g)} + \overset{+1}{2H2}\overset{-2}{O} (l)}\]
Here, O.N. of \[\ce{Cl}\] increases from –1 (in \[\ce{HCl}\]) to 0 (in \[\ce{Cl2}\]).
Therefore, \[\ce{Cl-}\] is oxidized and hence \[\ce{HCl}\] acts as a reducing agent.
The O.N. of \[\ce{N}\] decreases from +5 (in \[\ce{HNO3}\]) to +3 (in \[\ce{NOCl}\]) and therefore, \[\ce{HNO3}\] acts as an oxidizing agent.
Thus, reaction is a redox reaction.
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