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Question
Hydrogen chloride gas is very soluble in water. It is dissolved in water to prepare hydrochloric acid by using an anti-suction device, as shown in the diagram. Very briefly explain, how this device prevents the suction of water into the flask, in which hydrogen chloride gas is produced.
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Solution
An inverted funnel connected to the HCl gas supply is placed in a beaker so that the rim of the funnel just touches the surface of the water. HCl gas enters through the delivery tube, fills the mouth of the funnel, and then dissolves in water. Hence, a low pressure is created, and back suction occurs. As a result, the water level rises in the funnel, and the water level in the beaker drops. Thus, the rim of the funnel loses contact with water and the outside air rushes in through the gap to equalise the pressure on either side of the funnel. The solution falls back into the beaker due to gravity. The water level then falls, and the funnel drops back to its original position.
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