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Questions
Draw the electron dot structure of the covalent compound methane (non polar) and HCl (polar) and give two difference between them.
Differentiate between the covalent compounds methane and HCl.
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Solution
| Methane (non polar) | HCl (polar) |
| Covalent compounds are non polar when shared pairs of electron(s) are equally distributed between the two atoms. | Covalent compounds are said to be polar when the shared pair of electrons are not at equal distance between the two atoms. |
| No charge separation takes place. The covalent molecule is symmetrical and electrically neutral. | Charge separation takes place. The atom which attracts electrons more strongly develops a slight negative charge, while the other creates a little positive charge. |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{H}\\ \ce{H:\underset{..}{\overset{..}{C}} :H}\\ \ce{H} \end{array}\] |
\[\ce{H:\underset{..}{\overset{..}{Cl}}}\] |
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