Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Arrange the following compound in increasing order of its reactivity in nucleophilic addition reactions.
Ethanal, Propanal, Propanone, Butanone.
Hint: Consider steric effect and electronic effect.
Advertisements
Solution
The +I effect of the alkyl group increases in the order:
Ethanal < Propanal < Propanone < Butanone
The electron density at the carbonyl carbon increases with the increase in the +I effect. As a result, the chances of attack by a nucleophile decrease. Hence, the increasing order of the reactivities of the given carbonyl compounds in nucleophilic addition reactions is:
Butanone < Propanone < Propanal < Ethanal
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
How are the following compounds prepared?
benzaldehyde from benzene
Write the products formed when CH3CHO reacts with the following reagents : HCN
Predict the product of the following reaction:
Predict the product of the following reaction:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{..............}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{..............}||\\
\ce{R - CH = CH - CHO + NH2 - C - NH - NH2 ->[H+]}\end{array}\]
What is meant by the following term? Give an example of the reaction in the following case.
Cyanohydrin
What is meant by the following term? Give an example of the reaction in the following case.
Schiff’s base
Predict the products formed when cyclohexanecarbaldehyde reacts with the following reagents.
Semicarbazide and weak acid
Predict the products formed when cyclohexanecarbaldehyde reacts with the following reagents.
Excess ethanol and acid
Give plausible explanation for the following:
There are two −NH2 groups in semicarbazide. However, only one is involved in the formation of semicarbazones.
How are the following compounds prepared?
benzaldehyde from benzoyl chloride
Write balanced chemical equations for action of ammonia on - acetone
What is the action of the following reagents on ethanoic acid?
1) `LiAlH_4"/"H_3O^+`
2) `PCl_3 , "heat"`
3) `P_2O_5, "heat"`
Give a simple chemical test to distinguish between 
Write a test to differentiate between pentan-2-one and pentan-3-one.
Which of the following has the most acidic hydrogen?
The most stable reagent for the conversion of R – CH2OH → RCHO is
What is the action of sodium hypoiodite on acetone?
Arrange the following in the increasing order of their property indicated:
Ethanal, Propanone, Propanal, Butanone (reactivity towards nucleophilic addition)
Draw structures of the given derivatives.
The ethylene ketal of hexan-3-one
Why dissociation of HCN is suppressed by the addition of HCL?
