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प्रश्न
The chemistry of the actinoid elements is not so smooth as that of the Lanthanoids. Justify this statement by giving some examples from the oxidation state of these elements.
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उत्तर
The oxidation states of lanthanoids are +2, +3, and +4. Of these, +3 is the most common state. The limited number of oxidation states is due to the large energy difference between the 4f, 5d, and 6s sub-orbitals. In contrast, actinoids show many oxidation states, such as +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, and +7, although their most common state is +3. This is because there is a small energy difference between the 5f, 6d, and 7s sub-orbitals.
संबंधित प्रश्न
What are lanthanoids?
Account for the following :
Zr and Hf have almost similar atomic radii.
Name a member of the lanthanoid series which is well known to exhibit +4 oxidation state.
Name the members of the lanthanoid series which exhibit +4 oxidation state and those which exhibit +2 oxidation state. Try to correlate this type of behavior with the electronic configurations of these elements.
Write the electronic configurations of the element with the atomic number 61.
What are the consequences of lanthanoid contraction?
What is meant by Lanthanide contraction? Write the general electronic configuration of inner transition elements.
What is the action of the following on lanthanoids?
a. water
b. Sulphur, heat
c. nitrogen, heat
What is Lanthanoid contraction?
The f-block elements are known as ____________.
Gadolinium belongs to 4f series. It’s atomic number is 64. Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration of gadolinium?
Match the property given in Column I with the element given in Column II.
| Column I (Property) | Column II (Element) | |
| (i) | Lanthanoid which shows +4 oxidation state |
(a) Pm |
| (ii) | Lanthanoid which can show +2 oxidation state |
(b) Ce |
| (iii) | Radioactive lanthanoid | (c) Lu |
| (iv) | Lanthanoid which has 4f7 electronic configuration in +3 oxidation state |
(d) Eu |
| (v) | Lanthanoid which has 4f14 electronic configuration in +3 oxidation state |
(e) Gd |
| (f) Dy |
How would you account for the following:
There is a greater range of oxidation states among the actinoids than among the lanthanides.
The titanium (Z = 22) compound that does not exist is:-
In lanthanoid the last electron enters (n - 2)f subshell where n is equal to ______.
Write any two consequences of Lanthanoid Contraction.
The lathanide ion that would show colour is ______.
State a reason for the following:
La(OH)3 is more basic than Lu(OH)3.
Mention uses of alloys.
