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प्रश्न
Explain vulcanization of rubber.
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उत्तर
Vulcanization of rubber:
- The process by which a network of cross-links is introduced into an elastomer is called vulcanization.
- Vulcanization of rubber is carried out to improve the physical properties of natural rubber.
- The profound effect of vulcanization enhances the properties like tensile strength, stiffness, elasticity, toughness, etc. of natural rubber.
- Most frequently the used process of vulcanization is sulfur vulcanization. Sulfur forms crosslinks between polyisoprene chains which results in improved properties of natural rubber.
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\[\ce{n HOOC–R–COOH + n HO–R'–OH}\]
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\[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{-(CH2 - CH -)_{n}}\\
\phantom{....}|\\\ce{\phantom{.......}C6H5}
\end{array}\]
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\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{(-CF2-CF2-), -[NH-(CH2)5-CO] -, -(CH2-CH-), (-CH2-CH2-)}\\
\phantom{............................}|\\
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\end{array}\]
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