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प्रश्न
Define the following term:
isotonic solution
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उत्तर
Two or more solutions exerting the same osmotic pressure are called an isotonic solution.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.5 × 10−2 g of K2SO4 in 2L of water at 25°C, assuming that it is completely dissociated.
(R = 0.0821 L atm K−1 mol−1, Molar mass of K2SO4 = 174 g mol−1)
What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of solution?
Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood cells in a solution containing
(i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution?
(ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
A solution containing 15 g urea (molar mass = 60 g mol–1) per litre of solution in water has the same osmotic pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g mol–1) in water. Calculate the mass of glucose present in one litre of its solution.
At 300 K, 36 g of glucose present in a litre of its solution has an osmotic pressure of 4.98 bar. If the osmotic pressure of the solution is 1.52 bars at the same temperature, what would be its concentration?
Define osmotic pressure.
Define Semipermeable membrane
Calculate the mass of NaCl (molar mass = 58.5 g mol−1) to be dissolved in 37.2 g of water to lower the freezing point by 2°C, assuming that NaCl undergoes complete dissociation. (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol−1)
Calculate the mass of a compound (molar mass = 256 g mol−1) to be dissolved in 75 g of benzene to lower its freezing point by 0.48 K (Kf = 5.12 K kg mol−1).
Define the following term:
Hypotonic solution
Choose the most correct option.
In calculating osmotic pressure the concentration of solute is expressed in _______.
Choose the most correct option.
A living cell contains a solution which is isotonic with 0.3 M sugar solution. What osmotic pressure develops when the cell is placed in 0.1 M KCl solution at body temperature?
Choose the most correct option.
The osmotic pressure of blood is 7.65 atm at 310 K. An aqueous solution of glucose isotonic with blood has the percentage (by volume)________.
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
A solution concentration is expressed in molarity and not in molality while considering osmotic pressure. Why?
Answer the following.
What are isotonic and hypertonic solutions?
Answer the following.
A solvent and its solution containing a nonvolatile solute are separated by a semipermeable membrane. Does the flow of solvent occur in both directions? Comment giving a reason.
Answer the following.
The osmotic pressure of CaCl2 and urea solutions of the same concentration at the same temperature are respectively 0.605 atm and 0.245 atm, calculate van’t Hoff factor for CaCl2.
Answer the following.
How molar mass of a solute is determined by osmotic pressure measurement?
Which of the following statements is applicable for 0.1 M urea solution and 0.1 M sucrose solution?
Explain the osmotic pressure of a solution with the help of a thistle tube.
Which of the following is a colligative property?
At constant temperature the osmotic pressure of a solution is ____________.
20 g of a substance were dissolved in 500 mL of water and the osmotic pressure of the solution was found to be 600 mm of mercury at 15°C. The molecular weight of the substance is:
The average osmotic pressure of human blood is 7.8 bar at 37°C. What is the concentration of an aqueous NaCl solution that could be used in the blood stream?
Osmotic pressure of a solution is 0.0821 atm at a temperature of 300 K. The concentration in moles/litre will be:
The temperature at which 10% aqueous solution of (W/V) of glucose will show the osmotic pressure of 16.4 atoms is: (R = 0.082 L atom K−1 mol−1)
Isotonic solutions must have the same:
(i) solute
(ii) density
(iii) elevation in boiling point
(iv) depression in freezing point
In isotonic solutions:
(i) Solute and solvent both are same.
(ii) Osmotic pressure is same.
(iii) Solute and solvent may or may not be same.
(iv) Solute is always same solvent may be different.
Give an example of a material used for making semipermeable membrane for carrying out reverse osmosis.
Discuss biological and industrial importance of osmosis.
How can you remove the hard calcium carbonate layer of the egg without damaging its semiprermiable membrane? Can this egg be inserted into a bottle with a narrow neck without distorting its shape? Explain the process involved.
Osmotic pressure of a solution increases if
The vapour pressure of water is 12.3 k pa at 300 k. Calculated the vapour pressure of molal solution in it.
Osmotic pressure of a solution containing 2 g dissolved protein per 300 cm3 of solution is 20 mm of Hg at 27°C. The molecular mass of protein is ______.
The following solutions were prepared by dissolving 10 g of glucose (C6H12O6) in 250 ml of water (P1), 10 g of urea (CH4N2O) in 250 ml of water (P2) and 10 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) in 250 ml of water (P3). The right option for the decreasing order of osmotic pressure of these solutions is
Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non-volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.
Assertion (A) : Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
Reason (R) : Osmotic pressure is proportional to the molality.
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.32 × 10−2 g of K2SO4 in 2L of solution at 25°C assuming that K2SO4 is completely dissociated.
(R = 0.082 L atm K−1 mol, Molar mass K2SO4 = 174 g mol−1)
Isotonic solutions are the solutions having the same ______.
Prove that: M2 = `(W_2RT)/(πV)`.
Define reverse osmosis.
How will you determine molar mass of solute from osmotic pressure?
