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प्रश्न
Discuss biological and industrial importance of osmosis.
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उत्तर
Some essential importance of osmosis are given below:
• In animals, circulation of water to all parts of body takes place due to osmosis.
• Plant roots absorb water from soil due to osmosis. Concentration of cell sap inside the root hair cells is higher than that of water present in the soil. Water enters the root cells due to endosmosis.
• Water absorbed by plant roots is circulated in the entire plant body and reaches to the top of a tall tree due to osmosis.
• Osmosis helps in plant growth and germination of seeds.
• Red blood cells burst when placed in water; it is due to endosmosis.
• Various functions of plants are controlled by osmosis, e.g., stretching of leaves and flowers, opening and closing of flowers.
• Use of salt and sugar in‘pickles and jams acts as preservatives. It prevents growth of bacteria and fungi by osmosis.
• Dead bodies swell under water due to endosmosis.
• When dried fruits and vegetables are placed in water, they slowly swell and return to the original form. It is again due to endosmosis of water into the fruits and vegetables.
• Edema: Due to excess intake of salt by a person, the tissues become puffy, it is called edema. It is due to retention of water in the tissue owing to osmosis.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Calculate the osmotic pressure in pascals exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of polymer of molar mass 185,000 in 450 mL of water at 37°C.
At 300 K, 36 g of glucose present in a litre of its solution has an osmotic pressure of 4.98 bar. If the osmotic pressure of the solution is 1.52 bars at the same temperature, what would be its concentration?
Define osmotic pressure.
Define Semipermeable membrane
Choose the most correct option.
The osmotic pressure of blood is 7.65 atm at 310 K. An aqueous solution of glucose isotonic with blood has the percentage (by volume)________.
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
What is osmotic pressure?
Answer the following.
What are isotonic and hypertonic solutions?
Explain the phenomenon of osmosis.
Two solutions have different osmotic pressures. The solution of higher osmotic pressure is called ____________.
At constant temperature the osmotic pressure of a solution is ____________.
The temperature at which 10% aqueous solution of (W/V) of glucose will show the osmotic pressure of 16.4 atoms is: (R = 0.082 L atom K−1 mol−1)
At a given temperature, osmotic pressure of a concentrated solution of a substance ______.
Give an example of a material used for making semipermeable membrane for carrying out reverse osmosis.
How can you remove the hard calcium carbonate layer of the egg without damaging its semiprermiable membrane? Can this egg be inserted into a bottle with a narrow neck without distorting its shape? Explain the process involved.
Osmotic pressure of a solution increases if
Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non-volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.
Arrange the following solutions in the order of increasing osmotic pressure (π) assuming complete ionization.
- 0.5M Li2 SO4
- 0.5M KCl
- 0.5M Al2 (SO4)3
- 0.1 M BaCl2
How will you determine molar mass of solute from osmotic pressure?
Calculate the osmotic pressure of 0.03 mole of non electrolyte solute dissolved in 0.1 dm3 of water at 300 K. [R = 0.082 dm3 atm mol-1 K-1]
The 'X' g nonvolatile solute having molar mass 196 g mol-1 is dissolved in 3 dm³ water. Calculate the value of 'X' if resulting solution has osmotic pressure 0.8 atm at 300 К.
(R = 0.0821dm³ atm K-1 mol-1)
