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प्रश्न
Discuss biological and industrial importance of osmosis.
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उत्तर
Some essential importance of osmosis are given below:
• In animals, circulation of water to all parts of body takes place due to osmosis.
• Plant roots absorb water from soil due to osmosis. Concentration of cell sap inside the root hair cells is higher than that of water present in the soil. Water enters the root cells due to endosmosis.
• Water absorbed by plant roots is circulated in the entire plant body and reaches to the top of a tall tree due to osmosis.
• Osmosis helps in plant growth and germination of seeds.
• Red blood cells burst when placed in water; it is due to endosmosis.
• Various functions of plants are controlled by osmosis, e.g., stretching of leaves and flowers, opening and closing of flowers.
• Use of salt and sugar in‘pickles and jams acts as preservatives. It prevents growth of bacteria and fungi by osmosis.
• Dead bodies swell under water due to endosmosis.
• When dried fruits and vegetables are placed in water, they slowly swell and return to the original form. It is again due to endosmosis of water into the fruits and vegetables.
• Edema: Due to excess intake of salt by a person, the tissues become puffy, it is called edema. It is due to retention of water in the tissue owing to osmosis.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Which of the following is not a colligative property?
What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more than the osmotic pressure of solution?
Calculate the osmotic pressure in pascals exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of polymer of molar mass 185,000 in 450 mL of water at 37°C.
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 25 mg of K2SO4 in 2 liter of water at 25°C, assuming that it is completely dissociated.
Choose the most correct option.
In calculating osmotic pressure the concentration of solute is expressed in _______.
Answer the following.
Explain reverse osmosis.
An aqueous solution of a certain organic compound has a density of 1.063 g mL-1 , osmotic pressure of 12.16 atm at 25 °C and a freezing point of 1.03 °C. What is the molar mass of the compound?
What are hypertonic solutions?
The average osmotic pressure of human blood is 7.8 bar at 37°C. What is the concentration of an aqueous NaCl solution that could be used in the blood stream?
Osmotic pressure of a solution is 0.0821 atm at a temperature of 300 K. The concentration in moles/litre will be:
Which of the following statements is false?
Osmotic pressure of a solution increases if
Isotonic solutions have same
The following solutions were prepared by dissolving 10 g of glucose (C6H12O6) in 250 ml of water (P1), 10 g of urea (CH4N2O) in 250 ml of water (P2) and 10 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) in 250 ml of water (P3). The right option for the decreasing order of osmotic pressure of these solutions is
Derive an expression to calculate molar mass of non-volatile solute by osmotic pressure measurement.
Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.32 × 10−2 g of K2SO4 in 2L of solution at 25°C assuming that K2SO4 is completely dissociated.
(R = 0.082 L atm K−1 mol, Molar mass K2SO4 = 174 g mol−1)
Prove that: M2 = `(W_2RT)/(πV)`.
Define reverse osmosis.
How will you determine molar mass of solute from osmotic pressure?
Write the condition of reverse osmosis.
