Lakhmir Singh solutions for केमिस्ट्री [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १० आईसीएसई chapter 8 - Study of Compounds: Hydrogen Chloride [Latest edition]

State whether the following statement is True or False.

The chemical formula of hydrogen chloride is HCl.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Molecular weight of hydrogen chloride is 34.5 u.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Lavoisier named HCl as hydrogen chloride.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Activated carbon enhances the rate of a chemical reaction.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Hydrogen chloride is covalent due to the difference in the electronegativity between hydrogen and chlorine.

Hydrogen is ______ than air.

HCl gas can be liquefied at ______ pressure and ______ temperature.

When hydrogen and chlorine gas react in the presence of direct sunlight the reaction becomes very ______.

In the fountain experiment, the blue litmus solution turns into a red fountain. It shows ______ of hydrogen chloride.

The chemical formula of muriatic acid is ______.

In 1648, which of the following scientist prepared hydrogen chloride gas from sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid?

Normally concentrated hydrogen chloride contains ______.

HNO₃ cannot be used in place of concentrated H₂SO₄ because HNO₃ acid ______.

The fountain experiment is used to check which property of HCl gas?

Noble metals react only with ______.

The fountain experiment is used ______.

Match the items given in column I with the one given in column II.

Why is the gastric juice of the mammal acidic?

Why is HCl considered as a polar covalent compound?

State why HCl gas, fumes in moist air.

Write an ionic equation when HCl gas is dissolved in water.

Draw a labelled diagram and explain the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas. Give the balanced equations.

Explain why HCl gas is collected by using upward displacement of air.

Explain why P₂O₅ and CaO cannot be used for drying of hydrogen chloride gas.

In the laboratory preparation of HCl gas from sodium chloride, state why the following is preferred.

Conc. H₂SO₄ as a reactant.

In the laboratory preparation of HCl gas from sodium chloride, state why the following is preferred.

The temperature of reaction mixture kept below 200°C.

In the laboratory preparation of HCl gas from sodium chloride, state why the following is preferred.

Conc. H₂SO₄ is used as a drying agent.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Dil. HCl does not normally reacts with nitrates except nitrates of lead and mercury.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

A thick curdy white precipitate is formed when a salt of silver reacts with HCl.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Concentrated hydrochloric acid can readily be oxidised by strong oxidising agents.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

On heating with concentrated HCl, PbO₂ gets oxidised.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

CaOCl₂ on heating with dil. HCl forms O₂ gas.

______ + HCl (dil.) → metal salt + water + carbon dioxide

______ HCl (dil.) → metal salt sulphide + hydrogen gas

______ + HCl (dil.) → metal salt + hydrogen gas

______ + HCl (dil.) → metal salt + water + sulphur dioxide

______ + HCl (dil.) → metal salt + water

Which of the following is the product formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with Fe₂O₃?

Which of the following gas is liberated when hydrochloric acid is added to iron(II) sulphide?

When an active metal reacts with HCl which of the following gas is evolved?

An azeotrope mixture boils at a constant temperature, ______.

Which of the following salts reacts with HCl to precipitate sulphur?

Match the chemicals given in column I with the respective description given in column II.

State your observation when a rod dipped in ammonium hydroxide solution is taken to the mouth of the jar filled with HCl. Write down the chemical equation for the same reaction.

How will you obtain [PbCl₄]²⁻ from (PbNO₃)₂? Give the chemical equation for the reaction.

State why dilute hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated beyond a certain concentration on boiling?

Why are conventional drying agents such as calcium oxide and phosphorous pentoxide not used for drying moist HCl gas? Give equations.

Describe a test (other than electrolysis) to prove that hydrochloric acid contains hydrogen.

Make a miniature model of the apparatus setup of the Fountain Experiment using dropper, flask, paper straw etc. Present this model in your classroom and explain the working principle of the setup and significance of the experiment to your fellow classmates and teacher.

True or False.

Hydrogen chloride is manufactured by the 'salt cake' method.

True or False.

Hydrogen chloride can be obtained from the heavy organic chemical industry.

True or False.

Sodium bisulphate is formed in the second step of the 'salt cake' method.

True or False.

When dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with thiosulphates, then sulphur dioxide gas is liberated and yellow sulphur is precipitated.

True or False.

Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with metal oxides/hydroxides and forms metal chloride and water.

True or False.

With HCl moist blue litmus paper turns red.

True or False.

Dry HCl gas and liquefied HCl turn blue litmus paper red.

True or False.

Carbon dioxide gas is liberated when hydrochloric acid reacts with carbonates or bicarbonates.

True or False.

Concentrated sulphuric acid is corrosive and causes blisters on the skin.

Ca + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + ______

CuO + 2HCl → ______ + H₂O

NaHCO₃ + HCl → NaCl + ______ + ______

CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + ______ + ______

HCl turns the orange colour of the methyl orange indicator into ______.

Which of the following can be used to dry HCl gas?

Which of the following does not react with hydrochloric acid to give chlorine?

Which of the following reacts with hydrochloric acid to give hydrogen as a product?

For which of the following hydrochloric acid is not used:

Hydrochloric acid reacts as a reducing agent because ______.

Hydrogen chloride gives white precipitate with:

In a chemical reaction, aqua regia releases nascent ______.

Which of the following is not a physical property of hydrogen chloride?

A substance with which conc. hydrochloric acid reacts to liberate chlorine is ______.

Hydrochloric acid reacts with carbonates or bicarbonates of metals and product is formed:

Match the chemical reaction given in column I with the name of the gas evolved mentioned in column II and choose the correct option.

Match the chemical reaction given in column I with the name of the gas evolved mentioned in column II and choose the correct option.

Hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over water, as:

The metallic oxide, which when reacts with HCl forms salt and water.

State the composition of aqua regia. State which component is the oxidizing agent in aqua regia.

Solution A reacts with an acid B (which gives greenish yellow gas on reacting with oxidizing agents like Pb₃O₄) to give white precipitate C insoluble in nitric acid but soluble in ammonium hydroxide. Name A, B and C.

How will the action of dilute hydrochloric acid enable you to distinguish between sodium carbonate and sodium sulphite?

How will the action of dilute hydrochloric acid enable you to distinguish between sodium thiosulphate and sodium sulphite?

A greenish-yellow gas is liberated when concentrated hydrochloric acid is heated with an oxidising agent MnO₂. The liberated gas turns moist starch iodide paper blue-black. Identify the liberated gas.

HCl gas gives a thick white fume when a glass rod dipped into ammonia solution is brought near the vapours of the acid. Identify the name of the thick white fumes.

Write an equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid on the silver nitrate solution.

Write an equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid on magnesium foil.

Write an equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid on caustic soda solution.

Write an equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid on zinc carbonate.

Write the balanced equation for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with the following:

Iron

Write the balanced equation for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with the following:

Sodium hydrogen carbonate

Write the balanced equation for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with the following:

Iron (II) sulphide

Write a balanced equation for the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on sodium sulphide.

Write a balanced chemical equation.

Sodium thiosulphate is reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid.

Refer to the flowchart diagram below and give balanced equations with conditions, if any, for the following conversions A to D.

The following question is pertaining to the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas.

Write the equation for its preparation, mentioning the condition required.

The following question is pertaining to the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas.

Name the drying agent used and justify your choice.

The following question is pertaining to the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas.

State a safety precaution you would take during the preparation of hydrochloric acid.

For the preparation of hydrochloric acid in the laboratory:

Why is the direct absorption of hydrogen chloride gas in water not feasible?

For the preparation of hydrochloric acid in the laboratory:

What arrangement is done to dissolve hydrogen chloride gas in water?

Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in the laboratory by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on sodium chloride.

Give a balanced chemical equation for the above reaction.

Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in the laboratory using concentrated sulphuric acid and sodium chloride. Answer the question that follow based on this reaction.

Why is concentrated sulphuric acid used instead of concentrated nitric acid?

Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in the laboratory using concentrated sulphuric acid and sodium chloride. Answer the question that follow based on this reaction.

Explain why anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aqueous HCl is an excellent conductor.

Explain why?

Liquefied hydrogen chloride gas does not conduct electricity.

Explain why?

Why the funnel arrangement is used in the preparation of hydrochloric acid.

Explain why a solution of hydrogen chloride in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while a solution of the same gas in toluene:

1. has no effect on litmus, and
2. does not conduct electricity.

Explain why?

Hydrogen gas is not collected over water.

Explain why dilute hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated by boiling beyond 22.2%.

Write the balanced equation for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with the following:

Iron

Write the balanced equation for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with the following:

Sodium hydrogen carbonate

Write the balanced equation for the reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid with the following:

Iron (II) sulphide

Write balanced equation for the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium sulphite.

Write a balanced chemical equation.

Sodium thiosulphate is reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid.

The diagram shows an apparatus for the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride.
(i) Identify A and B
(ii) Write the equation for the reaction
(iii) How would you check whether or not the gas jar is filled with hydrogen chloride?
(iv) What does the method of collection tell you about the density of hydrogen chloride.