Lakhmir Singh solutions for केमिस्ट्री [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १० आईसीएसई chapter 10 - Study of Compounds: Nitric Acid [Latest edition]

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Only glass apparatus should be used for the preparation of nitric acid.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

The yellow colour of the nitric acid can be removed by bubbling dry air or carbon dioxide gas through the acid.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Concentrated hydrochloric acid is not used in place of concentrated sulphuric acid in the preparation of nitric acid.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

The vapours of nitric acid are condensed to light yellow coloured liquid by heating the receiver with hot running water.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Generally, all metal nitrates are coloured and water insoluble.

The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compound is called ______.

The colour of the fuming nitric acid is due to the presence of ______ gas.

When lightening takes place, atmospheric nitrogen combines with atmospheric oxygen and forms ______.

Pure nitric acid is ______.

Who obtained nitric acid by distilling nitre (KNO₃)?

The reddish-brown coloured gas formed on heating nitric acid is ______.

The catalyst used in the manufacture of HNO₃ by Ostwald’s process is ____________.

The yellow colour of usual nitric acid is due to the presence of ______.

What is aqua regia?

How will you prepare Aqua regia from nitric acid?

Write the name and formula of four nitrogenous fertilisers.

Explain nitrogen fixation and give the reaction.

What happens when concentrated nitric acid is heated and copper is added to it?

How is nitric acid prepared in a laboratory?

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Brown fumes are produced when lead nitrate is heated.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Due to decomposition of lead nitrate, NO gas is produced as by-product.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

To etch designs on copper and brassware, nitric acid is used.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Nitric acid is a dibasic acid.

State whether the following statement is True or False.

Pure concentrated nitric acid reacts with iron to give nitrogen dioxide gas.

In the combined state nitric acid is found as ______.

Nitric acid is obtained by distilling concentrated acid with ______.

Sulphuric acid is a non-volatile acid; it produces ______ with sodium nitrate.

In the preparation of nitric acid, to obtain liquid nitric acid, its vapours are ______.

The yellow colour shown by nitric acid can be removed by ______.

The metals Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn react with concentrated HNO₃ acid to give ______.

Zinc reacts with very dilute nitric acid to give zinc nitrate and ______.

Action of concentrated nitric acid on metallic tin produces ______.

Concentrated nitric acid oxidises phosphorous to ______.

1. Name the two metals which produce hydrogen gas when reacted with nitric acid.
2. Give the reaction of the above-mentioned metals.
3. What kind of conclusion can you draw from this reaction?

Name the products formed when concentrated nitric acid is treated with tin. Give the balanced equation.

Name the products formed when SO₂ gas is passed through concentrated nitric acid. Give the balanced equation

State what happens when concentrated HNO₃ is added to:

Copper turnings

State what happens when concentrated HNO₃ is added to:

Iron

State what happens when concentrated HNO₃ is added to:

Aluminium

State what happens when concentrated HNO₃ is added to:

Sulphur

For commercial uses like production of fertilisers, nitric acid is required in large quantity and its industrial production is done through a specialised process called Ostwald's process. Answer the following questions regarding this process.

1. Name the reactant(s) used in this process.
2. Name the catalyst used.
3. Up to what temperature is the catalyst heated?
4. Give the reaction that takes place in catalytic chamber.
5. Name the product(s) formed.

Explain briefly:

Nitric acid fumes in moist air.

Explain briefly:

Nitric acid cannot be concentrated beyond 68% by boiling.

Explain briefly:

Nitric acid reacts with metal carbonates and bicarbonates.

Nitric acid has a wide range of applications in various industries. For this activity you are required to make a power point presentation discussing the following points:

• Countries that lead the production of nitric acid.
• Compounds which are manufactured using nitric acid as a key ingredient.
• Its significance in the production of fertilisers and rocket fuels.

True or False.

When copper turnings are added to the warm concentrated nitric acid, dense reddish-brown fumes of NO₂ come out.

True or False.

In the ring test for nitrate, freshly prepared ferrous sulphate must be used because, on exposure to the air, it is oxidised to ferric sulphate, which will not give the brown ring.

True or False.

Zinc nitrate is a hygroscopic compound.

True or False.

Deliquescent compounds absorb moisture from the air and dissolve in it. 5. Ostwald process is used for

True or False.

Ostwald process is used for the preparation of hydrochloric acid.

True or False.

Potassium or sodium nitrate reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid in the Ostwald process.

In the catalytic oxidation of ammonia an oxide ______ is formed, which is used in the preparation of nitric acid.

Nitrates of all metals are ______ in water.

The impurity dissolved in nitric acid, while its preparation is ______.

The acid obtained in the laboratory is ______ coloured.

Choose the correct answer from the option given below :
When treated with nitric acid which of the following liberate hydrogen?

When concentrated nitric acid is heated with P₂O₅ it forms ______.

Aqua regia is a mixture of ______.

Gold dissolves in aqua regia, forming ______.

Aqua regia dissolves gold and platinum because ______.

A lighting flash through air may result in the formation of ______.

Match the following statements given in Column I with statements of Column II.

Match the following statements given in Column I with statements of Column II.

The gas formed when calcium bisulphite reacts with dilute NHO₃.

1. What happens when nitrates of Ca, Zn, Pb, and Cu are heated?
2. Write their chemical equation.
3. Name the nitrate compound which is blue coloured.

Give two chemical equations for the following:

Reactions of nitric acid with metals.

Give two chemical equations for the following:

Nitric acid showing as acidic character.

Give two chemical equations for the following:

Nitric acid acting as the oxidizing agent.

Write balanced equation and name the product formed when :
Sodium hydrogen carbonate is added to nitric acid.

Write balanced equation and name the product formed when :
Cupric oxide reacts with nitric acid.

Write balanced equation and name the product formed when :

Zinc reacts with very dilute nitric acid

Write balanced equation and name the product formed when :
Concentrated nitric acid is heated.

What is meant by the following term?

Aqua Fortis

What is meant by the following term?

Aqua regia

What do you mean by the following term?

Nitrogen fixation

Write balanced equation for the preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate.

In the preparation of nitric acid from KNO₃ concentrated sulphuric acid is used in place of hydrochloric acid. Why?

Give reason why concentrated nitric acid prepared in the laboratory is yellow in colour. State how the colour of the acid is removed.

Nitric acid cannot be concentrated beyond 68% by the distillation of a dilute solution of HNO₃. State the reason.

Give reason for the following:
Commercial concentrated nitric acid is yellow in colour, but when it is dilute with water, it turns colourless.
Give one chemical test for nitric acid.

Give reason for the following:
In the laboratory preparation of nitric acid, the mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid and sodium nitatre should not be heated very strongly, above 200°C

Draw a flowchart for showing the formation of nitric acid in Ostwald's process.

Draw diagram for showing preparation of nitric acid in Ostwald's process.

How you will get nitric acid by catalytic oxidation of ammonia. Write only the chemical reaction.

Give a balanced equation for the following:

Laboratory preparation of nitric acid.

Give a balanced equation for the preparation of ethanol from monochloroethane and aq. sodium hydroxide.

Explain the following:
Dilute nitric acid is generally considered a typical acid but not so in its reaction with metals.

Explain the following:
Concentrated nitric acid appears yellow when it is left standing in a glass bottle.

Explain the following :
An all glass apparatus is used in the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.

What is the type of salt formed when the reactants are heated at a suitable temperature for the preparation of nitric acid?

State why for the preparation of Nitric acid, the complete apparatus is made up of glass.